Earth science
Articles about geology, climate, oceans and the planet.
Glacial lake
Lakes formed by glaciers (glacial lakes)
Glaciation
Glaciation: formation, types, effects, and climate role
Glacier
Glaciology
Global cooling
Global cooling (climate hypothesis and context)
Global warming
Global warming: causes, effects, history and responses
Global warming is the long-term rise in Earth’s average temperature driven mainly by human activities. This article explains causes, mechanisms, impacts, and approaches to mitigati
Gneiss
Gondwana
Gondwana: the southern supercontinent and its legacy
Grain size
Granite
Gravel
Gravel: composition, classifications, uses and formation
Great Oxygenation Event
Green River Formation
Greenhouse effect
Greenhouse gas
Greenstone belt
Greenstone belt (ancient metamorphosed volcanic rock formations)
Greywacke
Grímsvötn
Gritstone
Gritstone: coarse siliceous sandstone, uses and geology
Ground
Ground (Earth surface and electrical reference)
Groundwater
GSSP
Guyot
Guyot (tablemount): flat‑topped underwater seamount
Hadean
Hadean eon — Earth's earliest geologic eon (about 4.6 to 4.0 billion years ago)
Hailstone
Halite
Halite (rock salt): properties, formation, uses, and distinctions
Haloarchaea
Haloarchaea: salt-loving archaea of hypersaline environments
Hancock Seamount
Hateg Island
Hațeg Island — Late Cretaceous insular ecosystem of Transylvania
Head (hydraulic)
Hydraulic head (hydrology and fluid mechanics)
Hebridean Terrane
Hebridean Terrane: geology, structure, and regional significance
HED meteorite
HED meteorite (Howardite–Eucrite–Diogenite group)
Hell Creek Formation
Hell Creek Formation: geology, fossils, and the end‑Cretaceous record
A comprehensive overview of the Hell Creek Formation: its geology, fossil assemblages, K–Pg boundary record, geographic extent, research history and scientific importance.
Hematite
Hematite (Fe2O3): iron oxide mineral and principal iron ore
Hesperornithoides
Hesperornithoides — a small Jurassic troodontid from North America
Highland Boundary Fault
History of the Earth
History of the Earth: formation, major events, and long-term evolution
History of the geologic time scale
Holocene
Hornblende
Hornblende: a common amphibole-group rock-forming mineral name
Hotspot (geology)
Huayangosaurus
Huayangosaurus — an early stegosaur from Middle Jurassic China
