Earth science
Articles about geology, climate, oceans and the planet.
Ice cap
Ice cap: definition, characteristics, formation, and importance
Ice core
Ice pellets
Ice sheet
Ice sheet (continental glacier)
Ice shelf
Ice storm
Iceberg
Iceberg: formation, structure, types, hazards and ecological role
Igneous rock
Imbabura Volcano
Impact crater
Indo-Australian plate
Inflow (meteorology)
Inland sea
Insolation
Insolation — incoming solar radiation reaching Earth's surface
Insolation is the solar radiation that reaches the top of the atmosphere and the Earth's surface. This article explains its meaning, measurement, controlling factors, history, and
Intrusion
Intrusion (Geology): Subsurface Igneous Emplacements
Iron ore
Jack Hills
Jack Hills (Western Australia) — source of Earth's oldest known terrestrial zircons
Jade
Jade: minerals, properties, history and cultural significance
Jet (lignite)
Jet (lignite) — fossilized wood gemstone and mineraloid
Jet stream
Jingū Seamount
Joint (geology)
Joint (geology): Tensile fractures and their role in rocks
A joint is a tensile fracture in rock without shear offset. This article explains how joints form, their patterns and properties, effects on weathering and groundwater, and distinc
Joint Typhoon Warning Center
Jurassic
Jurassic (geological period)
Kaharoa eruption
Kaharoa eruption (New Zealand, c. 1314)
Kammu Seamount
Kaolinite
Kaolinite (kaolin): mineralogy, formation, uses and notable facts
Katabatic wind
Kelut
Kelut (Kelud) — stratovolcano of eastern Java, Indonesia
Kilauea
Kīlauea — active shield volcano of the Island of Hawaiʻi
Kimmei Seamount
Kimmeridge clay
Kōkō Seamount
Kōkō Guyot: Extinct Hawaiian–Emperor Seamount Dated 48 Million Years Ago
Kola Superdeep Borehole
Köppen climate classification
Krafla
Krafla: volcanic caldera and geothermal system in northern Iceland
Kyushu-Palau Ridge
Kyushu–Palau Ridge
L'Atalante basin
La Soufrière (volcano)
La Soufrière (Saint Vincent): overview, history and hazards
Labradorite
Lagerstätten
Lagerstätten: sites of exceptional fossil preservation
Lakagigar
Lake Agassiz
Lake Agassiz: Ice‑Age Proglacial Lake of Central North America
Lake retention time
Lake Superior agate
Land
Land (geography, characteristics and uses)