Earth science

Articles about geology, climate, oceans and the planet.

Articles in this category: 823 Updated: April 29, 2026 Page 13 / 18

Pressure gradient

Pressure gradient (fluid dynamics and meteorology)

Prospecting

Proterozoic

Proterozoic Eon: geology, climate, and the rise of complex life

Prudhoe Bay Oil Field

Puddingstone

Pumice

Pyrite

Pyrite (Fool's Gold): Properties, Formation, Uses, and Hazards

Pyroclastic flow

Pyroclastic flow (pyroclastic density current)

Pyrolusite

Pyrolusite (natural manganese dioxide mineral)

Pyroxene

Pyroxene (rock-forming inosilicate minerals)

Quartz

Quartz

Quartzite

Quaternary

Quaternary (geologic period)

Quicksand

Quicksand: formation, properties, safety, and cultural perceptions

QuikSCAT

Rain and snow mixed

Rain and snow mixed (rain–snow mix)

Rain gauge

Ranger Uranium Mine

Ranger Uranium Mine — site, history, and controversies

Rapid deepening

Rapid deepening of tropical cyclones

Red beds

Red beds: oxidized continental sedimentary rocks and their significance

Relative dating

Relative humidity

Rhyacian

Rhyacian: Palaeoproterozoic period (2.30–2.05 billion years ago)

Rhynie chert

Rhyolite

Rhyolite (high-silica volcanic rock)

Rhythmite

Rhythmite (rhythmic sedimentary layering)

Richter scale

Ridge (meteorology)

Riebeckite

Riebeckite (including crocidolite, or blue asbestos)

Rift (geology)

Rift (Geology): Formation, Types, and Significance

Robert Berner

Rock (geology)

Rock (geology) — types, formation, and significance

Rock cycle

Rock flour

Rock flour (glacial flour): formation, properties, and uses

Rodinia

Rose rock

Rose rock (barite rose) — Oklahoma state rock

Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology

Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology — Alberta's premier fossil museum

Sahara pump theory

Saharan Air Layer

Saharan Air Layer (SAL)

Sakurajima

Sakurajima — active volcano in Kagoshima, Japan

Salinity

Salinity (concentration of dissolved salts in water)

Salt mine

Salt mine: geology, methods, history and uses

Salt water

San Andreas Fault

Sand

Sand: composition, formation, uses, and environmental concerns

Sandstone

Schist

Schist — Foliated Metamorphic Rock Rich in Platy Minerals

Sea breeze

Sea breeze — coastal onshore winds and their effects