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Gibraltar Chronicle

Gibraltar Chronicle — Gibraltar's long-running daily newspaper

Gilded Age

Gilded Age (United States, late 19th century)

Era in U.S. history after the Civil War characterized by rapid industrial growth, urbanization, mass immigration, concentrated wealth, political machines, labor unrest and debates

Goguryeo

Goki calendar

Goki calendar (Goki-reki)

Gokishichidō

Gokishichidō: The Five Provinces and Seven Circuits of Early Japan

Golden age

Golden age: meaning, uses, examples, and historical perspective

Overview of the phrase “golden age,” its meanings across history, arts and personal life, notable examples, and cautions about idealizing the past.

Golden Age of India

Goryeo

Govindapala

Govindapala — late Pala ruler and contested successor

Gran Colombia

Gran Colombia (Republic of Colombia, 1819–1831)

Grand Duchy of Baden

Grand Duchy of Lithuania

Grand Duchy of Lithuania (medieval state, c. 12th century–1569)

A multiethnic medieval state in Eastern Europe that grew from Baltic Lithuanian lands to encompass large parts of Slavic East Europe before a formal union with Poland.

Grand Duchy of Tuscany

Grand Tour

The Grand Tour: 17th–19th century educational travel through Europe

A cultural rite of passage for mainly wealthy British young men from the 17th to mid-19th century, traveling across Europe—especially Italy—to study art, architecture and society.

Great Awakening

Great Awakenings (periods of religious revival in the United States)

Great Depression

Great Depression: causes, course, policy responses and global effects

Severe global economic downturn that began after the 1929 U.S. stock market crash; led to mass unemployment, political change, New Deal reforms and lasting financial regulation.

Great Famine (Ireland)

Great Famine (Ireland, 1845–1852)

Great Leap Forward

Great Leap Forward (China, 1958–1961)

Great Northern War

Great Northern War (1700–1721)

Comprehensive overview of the Great Northern War: causes, principal combatants, major campaigns and battles, treaties, territorial changes and long‑term consequences for the Baltic

Great Turkish War

Great Turkish War (1683–1699)

Great Vowel Shift

Greater Hesse

Greater Hesse (Großhessen): postwar reorganization of a German state

Greater Khorasan

Greater Khorasan: Historical Region of Iran and Central Asia

Greco-Bactrian Kingdom

Greco-Roman world

Greco–Persian wars

Greco–Persian Wars (499–449 BC)

Series of wars between the city-states of Classical Greece and the Achaemenid Persian Empire (499–449 BC), including the Ionian Revolt and the major invasions culminating at Marath

Greek War of Independence

Greek War of Independence (1821–1832): struggle, intervention, and nation-building

Gregorian calendar

Guaramid Dynasty

Guaramid Dynasty (Iberian Georgia)

Guelders

Guilder

Guilder (gulden): history, meaning and modern use

Guilder, from Dutch gulden meaning 'golden', is a historical European currency name — once a gold coin, later silver or base-metal money — best known from the Dutch guilder and the

Guinea (coin)

Gulf of Tonkin resolution

Gupta Empire

Gupta Empire (c. 320–550 CE)

Gyorin

Gyorin — Joseon Korea’s policy of neighborly relations

Habsburg Spain

Hadith

Haitian Revolution

Haitian Revolution (1791–1804): Slave uprising and the birth of Haiti

Hakuchi (era)

Hakuchi era (650–654) — Japanese nengō of Emperor Kōtoku

Hamidian massacres

Mass killings of Armenians in the Ottoman Empire during the 1890s under Sultan Abdul Hamid II; estimates of victims vary widely and the events had lasting regional and internationa

History