1115 (MCXV): A year in the High Middle Ages 1115 Overview of the year 1115 (MCXV) in the Julian calendar, highlighting the founding of the Jurchen Jin dynasty, regional political contexts, cultural trends, and the way historians…
1118 (year) 1118 A year of political transition in the early 12th century: notable for the deaths of Byzantine emperor Alexios I and Crusader king Baldwin I, papal change, and Iberian Reconquista a…
Year 1120 (MCXX) — overview and notable events 1120 1120 (MCXX) was a leap year of the Julian calendar. Key events include the White Ship disaster and legal developments in the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem; the year sits in the Hig…
1138 Aleppo earthquake Major medieval earthquake near Aleppo on 11 October 1138. Historically cited among the deadliest, but casualty totals are disputed and may combine separate events across the region…
1147 — The Year of the Second Crusade, Lisbon and the Wendish Campaign 1147 Year 1147: key events of the Second Crusade including the Siege of Lisbon, campaigns in Anatolia, and the Wendish Crusade; context, outcomes, and notable figures associated with th…
1166 (MCLXVI) — a year in the High Middle Ages 1166 Overview of the year 1166 (MCLXVI): its calendar classification, place in chronology, historical context, sources, and why such year-entries matter to historians and researchers.
1170 — events and context in the 12th century 1170 An overview of the year 1170 CE: major political events, cultural trends, and regional developments across Europe, the British Isles, the Crusader states, and beyond.
1181 (AD) — events, context and the recorded supernova 1181 Overview of the year 1181 in the High Middle Ages: political context, the East Asian observations of a 'guest star' (supernova) and its modern identification, and cultural and hist…
1195 (year) — notable events and context in the High Middle Ages 1195 1195 (MCXCV) was a common year of the Julian calendar. This article summarizes its calendrical position, major political and military events, and historical significance in Europe…
1214 — a pivotal year in the early 13th century 1214 A concise account of 1214, highlighting the Battle of Bouvines, shifts in European power, papal influence, and wider developments in Asia and society during the 13th century.
1215 (year): Magna Carta, the Fourth Lateran Council and global events 1215 Year 1215 was pivotal in medieval history: Magna Carta in England, the Fourth Lateran Council, and Genghis Khan's sack of Zhongdu among other political, religious, and cultural dev…
1232 (year) 1232 1232 was a leap year of the Julian calendar during the High Middle Ages, a period marked by Mongol expansion, shifting European politics, and continued growth of medieval instituti…
Year 1237 1237 An overview of the year 1237, covering major political and military events—notably the beginning of the Mongol campaign in Eastern Europe, developments in Italy, and the Anglo-Scot…
1241 A pivotal year in the 13th century marked by the Mongol invasions of Central Europe, major battles at Legnica and Mohi, and significant papal and political changes across Europe an…
Year 1249 1249 Overview of the year 1249, with major events such as the Portuguese capture of the Algarve, Louis IX's actions in the Seventh Crusade, and the succession in Scotland.
1268 (year) 1268 Year 1268 (MCCLXVIII): a Julian leap year notable for the fall of Antioch, the defeat of Conradin and his execution, and the death of Pope Clement IV leading to a prolonged papal e…
1277 — Key events, intellectual impact, and historical context 1277 Overview of the year 1277 CE, its notable political and intellectual events (including the Paris condemnations and Edward I’s campaign in Wales), and its place in 13th-century deve…
1279 Year 1279 CE, marked by the decisive Mongol victory that ended the Southern Song dynasty and by important developments in medieval Europe and Eurasian contact.
1295 (year) 1295 Overview of the year 1295 CE, noting major political events in England, Scotland and the Ilkhanate, and broader cultural, economic, and calendar context in late 13th-century Eurasi…
12th G7 Summit (1986) — Tokyo 12th G7 summit The 12th G7 summit was held in Tokyo from May 4–6, 1986. Leaders of the Group of Seven and the European Commission met to discuss economic policy, international security and coordi…
1304 (MCCCIV) — a year in the early 14th century 1304 Overview of the year 1304 (MCCCIV): calendar status, political and military context in Europe, papal developments, cultural trends and notable events of the early 14th century.
1306 (MCCCVI) — events, context and significance 1306 Overview of the year 1306 (MCCCVI) in the Julian calendar: chronology, major political events including Robert the Bruce's rise, actions by Philip IV of France, and broader histori…
1322 1322 — an early 14th‑century year and the integer 1322. Notable events include the Battles of Boroughbridge and Mühldorf; the number 1322 is an even semiprime with simple arithmeti…
1347 Year 1347 saw the first major arrival of the Black Death in western Europe and the fall of Calais, events that triggered demographic, economic and political change across the medie…
1348 The year 1348 marked a turning point in medieval history: the Black Death ravaged Europe, Charles University was founded in Prague, and social, economic, and cultural change accele…
1356: Battle, Golden Bull and the Basel earthquake 1356 Year 1356 saw pivotal events in medieval Europe: the Battle of Poitiers, the Golden Bull codifying imperial elections, and the major Basel earthquake — each reshaping politics, law…
1420 (year) 1420 A concise overview of the year 1420: major political and cultural events including the Treaty of Troyes, Hussite resistance in Bohemia, Ming China’s completion of the Forbidden Cit…
146 BC — Destruction of Carthage and the Sack of Corinth 146 BC Year when Rome destroyed Carthage and sacked Corinth, marking decisive expansion of Roman power in the western Mediterranean and Greece; known as the consulship of Lentulus and Mum…
1479 Year 1479: key treaties and dynastic changes in late 15th‑century Europe, including the Treaty of Alcáçovas and the succession in Aragon; context for the emerging Age of Discovery…
1497 A survey of the year 1497: landmark voyages of exploration, political conflicts in the British Isles, religious and cultural events in Italy, and their wider significance in the Ag…
1498 A pivotal year near the end of the 15th century marked by major voyages of exploration, important events of the Italian Renaissance, religious upheaval in Florence, and beginnings…
1502 CE — Exploration, politics, and early colonial change 1502 Year overview: Columbus's fourth voyage, growing Portuguese maritime power, English dynastic change after Prince Arthur's death, early colonial systems in the Caribbean, and Renais…
1507 — events, context, and significance 1507 Overview of the year 1507: calendar classification, key events such as the Waldseemüller map naming 'America', Martin Luther's ordination, and the broader Age of Discovery and Rena…
1509 Overview of the year 1509: key political, military, and cultural events — Henry VIII's accession, Battle of Agnadello, Portuguese victory at Diu, Constantinople earthquake, and the…
1511 (Year) — events, context and significance 1511 1511 was a pivotal year in the early 16th century marked by exploration, shifting European alliances, and important cultural works of the Renaissance. Key events include the captur…
1520 1520 CE: a pivotal year in the early modern era marked by Martin Luther's major tracts, the Field of the Cloth of Gold, Magellan's passage to the Pacific, La Noche Triste in Mexico…
1521 — Year of Reformation, Conquest and Global Encounter 1521 In 1521 key turning points occurred: Martin Luther at the Diet of Worms, Cortés’s capture of Tenochtitlan, and Magellan’s Pacific voyage and death—events that reshaped religion, em…
1522 Year 1522: completion of the first circumnavigation by Juan Sebastián Elcano, the Ottoman capture of Rhodes, and Martin Luther's German New Testament — pivotal events in exploratio…
1523 A concise overview of the year 1523: political changes in Northern Europe, the papal succession, the wider context of the Reformation and overseas expansion in the early 16th centu…
1525 A pivotal year in early modern Europe: the Battle of Pavia, the crushing of the German Peasants' War, the emergence of organized Anabaptism, and Martin Luther's marriage reshaped p…
1533 Events of 1533: a pivotal year in the English Reformation and the Spanish conquest of the Inca; birth of Elizabeth I and major political and religious shifts across Europe and the…
1534 1534: a pivotal year of the early modern era marked by England's break with Rome, the beginnings of the Jesuit order, French voyages to the Gulf of Saint Lawrence, and Ottoman gain…
1540 Year 1540: key political shifts in Europe and Asia, beginning of major North American explorations, approval of the Jesuits, and notable marriages and executions in Tudor England.
1541 Year marked by transatlantic exploration (De Soto, Coronado, Valdivia), Ottoman consolidation in Hungary, and key Reformation developments such as John Calvin's return to Geneva.
1553 Year 1553: a pivotal year of dynastic change, religious conflict and expanding trade links, marked by the death of Edward VI, the nine-day reign of Lady Jane Grey, and new contacts…
1559: Treaty of Cateau‑Cambrésis, Elizabethan settlement, and historical context 1559 Summary of the year 1559, highlighting the Treaty of Cateau‑Cambrésis ending the Italian Wars, Henry II's death, Elizabeth I's coronation and religious settlement, and the year's w…
1562 (year) 1562 A year marked by the outbreak of the French Wars of Religion, early French Protestant colonizing attempts in North America, and shifting political alliances in Europe.
1563 — overview, major events and cultural highlights 1563 A concise account of the year 1563: its calendar placement, major political and religious events including the Council of Trent and the Edict of Amboise, and cultural notes.
