Art

Aquamarine (color) Aquamarine is a pale blue-green tint named after the gemstone; commonly used in design and healthcare for its cool, calming appearance and close relation to blue and green hues.

Ara Gevorgyan Armenian composer, musician and producer known for blending folk motifs with contemporary arrangements; awarded the Honorary Artist title of Armenia in 2004.

Arab slave trade: scope, routes, and historical impact Arab slave trade Comprehensive overview of the Arab slave trade: where and how it operated, who was enslaved, major routes and markets, estimated scale, common forms of bondage, and its long-term e…

Arabesque: the foliate ornamental style in Islamic and European decorative art Arabesque Arabesque is a decorative motif of interlaced foliage, tendrils and flowing lines used widely in Islamic art and later in European ornament, notable for infinite repeat, stylizatio…

Arabesque (ballet) A classical ballet position in which the dancer stands on one leg with the other extended behind. Describes technique, variations, history, and role in choreography.

Arabesque (German disco trio) Arabesque (group) Arabesque was a West German female disco trio formed in 1977 in Frankfurt, known for catchy Europop disco, lineup changes, strong popularity in Japan and Korea, and launching Sandr…

Arabic: language, script, dialects, and cultural role Arabic Arabic is a Central Semitic language with a distinctive script, wide regional varieties, a long literary tradition rooted in the Qur'an, and important roles in religion, media and…

Arabic language (al-ʿarabiyyah) Arabic language A Semitic language of the Arab world, with hundreds of millions of speakers, diverse regional varieties, a consonant-root morphology and a classical literary standard shaped by the…

Arable Land: Definition, Characteristics, Uses, and Management Arable land Land suitable for plowing and cultivation; its features, historical development, uses, threats, and sustainable management practices.

Arad Productions Inc. Arad Productions Arad Productions Inc. is a Canadian animation and production company founded by Avi Arad and his son Ari Arad, developing animated and family-oriented projects and adapting enterta…

Arad, Iran — city in Fars Province and capital of Arad District Arad, Iran Arad is a small city in Gerash County, Fars Province, Iran. It serves as the administrative center of Arad District and is part of the cultural and geographic region of southern Fa…

Arapaho language A Plains Algonquian language of the Arapaho people, historically spoken across the central Plains and now endangered with revitalization efforts among Northern Arapaho communities.

Ararat Province (Armenia): geography, history, economy and landmarks Ararat Province Overview of Ararat Province in Armenia — its geography, historical sites (Artashat, Dvin, Khor Virap), economy, administrative structure and cultural significance near Mount Ararat…

Arc (geometry) — definition, types, and arc length Arc An arc is a continuous curved portion of a circle. This article explains notation, geometric relationships (chord, sector, central angle), the arc length formula s = r·θ (θ in radi…

Archer: practitioner of archery — equipment, history and uses Archer An archer is a person who shoots arrows from a bow. This article summarizes equipment, techniques, historical roles, modern disciplines, and cultural references related to archers.

Archery: practice, equipment, history and modern sport Archery Archery is the skill of shooting arrows with a bow. This article explains equipment, styles, history from hunting and warfare to Olympic sport, techniques, uses, and safety conside…

ARD — German public broadcasting consortium ARD (broadcaster) ARD is Germany’s consortium of regional public broadcasters, founded in 1950. It operates the nationwide channel Das Erste, regional TV networks and dozens of radio stations funded…

Ardahan, city in northeastern Turkey Ardahan Ardahan is a provincial capital in northeastern Turkey on a high Anatolian plateau near the Georgian border. Known for cold winters, pastoral agriculture, layered history, and rura…

Arduino — open-source microcontroller platform Arduino Arduino is an open-source electronics platform combining simple hardware and software to make interactive projects and prototypes accessible to hobbyists, students, artists, and en…

Area (mathematics) — measure of two-dimensional space Area Area measures the extent of a two-dimensional surface. This article explains definitions, common units and formulas, methods of computation, historical notes, and practical applica…

Arès (Gironde) — coastal commune on Arcachon Bay, southwestern France Arès Arès is a coastal commune in the Gironde department on Arcachon Bay in southwestern France, noted for oyster farming, beaches, maritime landscapes, and links to Arcachon and region…

Arhat (arahant): Enlightened practitioner in Buddhism Arhat An arhat (Pali: arahant) is a person who has attained liberation from suffering in Buddhism. This article summarizes meaning, signs of realization, historical development, and cult…

Aria (musical form) Aria An aria is a self-contained piece for solo voice, often with orchestral accompaniment, widely used in opera, cantata and oratorio. It emphasizes melodic expression, vocal virtuosit…

Arion, Iowa Arion is a small incorporated city in the U.S. state of Iowa. Located in rural western Iowa, it has agricultural roots, local services and the social character typical of small Mid…

Arirang: The Korean Folk Song and Cultural Symbol Arirang Arirang is a traditional Korean folk song with many regional variants. Widely regarded as a cultural emblem, it appears on UNESCO heritage lists and has played roles in history, pe…

Arirang (2011 film) Arirang (2011 movie) Arirang (2011) is a South Korean confessional documentary by Kim Ki-duk. It is a personal cinematic self-portrait that uses the Arirang motif to meditate on artistic crisis, memory…

Arista Records: American record label and imprint of Sony Music Arista Records Arista Records is an American record label founded by Clive Davis, known for pop, R&B and country releases. Now controlled by Sony Music Entertainment, it has operated multiple imp…

Ariton, Alabama Ariton is a small incorporated town in southeastern Alabama, United States, known for its rural character, local institutions, and ties to regional agriculture and small‑town life.

Aritzo — Mountain town in the Province of Nuoro, Sardinia, Italy Aritzo Aritzo is a small mountain comune in central Sardinia (Province of Nuoro), noted for its high elevation, rural traditions, chestnut production, and outdoor recreation in a largely…

Arjuna: Principal Hero of the Mahabharata and Central Figure in the Bhagavad Gita Arjuna Arjuna, the third Pandava in the Mahabharata, is famed as an unparalleled archer, disciple of Drona, and the interlocutor in the Bhagavad Gita. Overview of his life, deeds, teachin…

Arm (anatomy and function) Arm The arm is the upper limb of humans and many animals, composed of shoulder, upper arm, elbow, forearm, wrist and hand; it enables manipulation, locomotion and communication.

Armando (1929–2018) — Dutch painter, sculptor and writer Armando (artist) Armando (Herman Dirk van Dodeweerd) was a leading Dutch postwar artist whose gestural paintings, sculptures and writings explored memory, violence and the material traces of histor…

Armenia: Geography, History, Culture, and Contemporary Overview Armenia Armenia, a landlocked republic in the South Caucasus, is noted for its ancient Christian heritage, unique language and alphabet, mountainous landscape, rich cultural traditions and…

Armenian Relating to Armenia: its people, language, script, culture, church, and diaspora. Covers origins, the Armenian alphabet, linguistic forms, history, and contemporary significance.

Armenian illuminated manuscripts: history, style, and notable works Armenian illuminated manuscripts Survey of Armenian illuminated manuscripts from the early medieval period: their materials, iconography, historical development, functions, and key examples like the Echmiadzin and…

Armenians An Indo-European people from the Armenian Highlands, noted for a distinct language and alphabet, early Christian tradition, rich cultural heritage and a global diaspora of about 7–…

Armens: ancient tribal groups of the Armenian Highlands Armens Armens were early tribal groups associated with the Armenian Highlands and neighboring regions whose identity contributed to the later Armenian people and culture; their origins li…

Arno (river in Tuscany, Italy) Arno The Arno is the principal river of Tuscany, flowing from the Apennines through Florence and Pisa to the Tyrrhenian Sea; noted for its cultural role and periodic, sometimes devastat…

Aroma Park, Illinois — village overview and local profile Aroma Park, Illinois Aroma Park is a small village in Kankakee County, Illinois, United States. This article summarizes its location, character, history, recreation, and local government.

Arquette (surname) Arquette Arquette is a surname best known for a multi‑generational American family of performers, including actors, comedians and activists who have worked in film, television and other med…

Arrow (projectile used with a bow) Arrow An arrow is a fin-stabilized projectile launched from a bow. This article explains its parts, history, materials, uses in hunting and sport, and its cultural and symbolic roles.

Arrowsmith — maker of arrowheads and traditional projectile points Arrowsmith An arrowsmith forges or shapes arrowheads for hunting, warfare, sport, and ceremony. This article explains materials, methods, history, and modern practice, and distinguishes arrow…

Arsanjan: city and administrative center in Fars Province, Iran Arsanjan Arsanjan (Persian: ارسنجان) is a city in Fars Province, Iran, serving as the capital of Arsanjan County. This article covers its name, location, characteristics, history, economy a…

Arsenio Hall: Comedian, Actor and Late-Night Television Host Arsenio Hall Overview of Arsenio Hall, American comedian and actor known for The Arsenio Hall Show, film roles with Eddie Murphy, his influence on late‑night TV and career highlights in televis…

Arshile Gorky: Armenian‑born American painter and precursor of Abstract Expressionism Arshile Gorky Arshile Gorky (c.1904–1948) was an Armenian‑born American painter whose biomorphic abstractions and surrealist methods helped shape Abstract Expressionism and mid‑20th‑century mode…

Arsine (AsH3): properties, production, history, uses and hazards Arsine Arsine (AsH3) is a colorless, highly toxic gaseous hydride of arsenic used in semiconductor manufacture and known from historical forensic tests. It is a molecular, pyramidal compo…

Arson (deliberate fire-setting) Arson Arson is the intentional and unlawful setting of fires to property. This article explains what arson is, common methods and motives, investigation and prevention, legal distinction…

Art: Forms, Purpose, History, and Cultural Significance Art A clear, concise overview of art: what it is, how it is made and used, major forms and techniques, historical development, social roles, and notable distinctions across cultures an…