Geography

Catbells — Popular fell on the western shore of Derwent Water Catbells Catbells is a small, distinctive fell on the western shore of Derwent Water in the Lake District, known for its easy ridge walk, panoramic views and name of uncertain origin.

Catron County, New Mexico: geography, history, and key facts Catron County, New Mexico Catron County is New Mexico's largest by area and one of its least populated counties. This article covers its geography, history, communities, economy, and notable distinctions.

Cauca Department, Colombia Cauca Department Cauca is a southwestern department of Colombia with capital Popayán. It spans Andean highlands and Pacific lowlands and is known for cultural diversity, biodiversity, agriculture a…

Caucasian Albania: an ancient polity of the eastern Caucasus Caucasian Albania Ancient polity in the eastern Caucasus covering parts of modern Azerbaijan and southern Dagestan; notable for its distinct Caucasian Albanian language, early Christianization, and…

Caucasus: geography, peoples, history and significance Caucasus Overview of the Caucasus region in Eurasia: its geography, mountain ranges, populations, historical development, political divisions, and notable facts including Mount Elbrus.

Caucasus Mountains: geography, peoples, and natural regions Caucasus Mountains Mountain system between the Black and Caspian Seas. Overview of the Greater and Lesser Caucasus, geology, ecology, human history, notable peaks and passes, and regional importance.

Cay (key): small sandy or coral islet formed on a reef Cay A cay (or key) is a small, low island of sand or broken coral that sits atop a coral reef. Cays form by wave and wind deposition in tropical seas and are important for beaches, wil…

Cayman Islands: Caribbean British Overseas Territory Cayman Islands Three coral islands in the western Caribbean known for offshore finance, tourism, diving and a British territorial status centered on Grand Cayman and George Town.

Ceará — geography, culture, economy and tourism in Brazil's Northeast Ceará Ceará is a coastal state in northeastern Brazil known for its beaches, semi-arid interior (sertão), strong cultural traditions, growing renewable energy sector and popular tourist…

Cecil County, Maryland Cecil County is a northeastern Maryland county at the head of the Chesapeake Bay. Seat at Elkton, named for Cecil Calvert; known for the Chesapeake & Delaware Canal, agriculture, i…

Cedar County, Iowa Cedar County is a county in eastern Iowa with its seat at Tipton. It had 18,499 residents at the 2010 census and is characterized by rural communities, agriculture, and local gover…

Cedar County, Missouri Cedar County is a rural county in southwest Missouri with Stockton as its county seat. It is known for agriculture, outdoor recreation around Stockton Lake, and a small, dispersed…

Cedar County, Nebraska: Overview, History, and Local Characteristics Cedar County, Nebraska Cedar County is a rural county in northeastern Nebraska, founded in 1857 with Hartington as its county seat. Its economy centers on agriculture and small communities amid woodland…

Célé — river in southern France Célé The Célé is a right-bank tributary of the Lot in south‑central France, flowing through the Lot department and giving its name to several villages; notable for limestone gorges, rur…

Celebes Sea — geography, ecology, and regional significance Celebes Sea The Celebes Sea is a deep tropical sea in the western Pacific, bounded by the Philippines and Indonesia. This article summarizes its geography, physical traits, ecology, human uses…

Celle (district) Celle is a Landkreis (district) in Lower Saxony, Germany, centered on the historic town of Celle. The district covers farmland, heath and small towns and is known for its timber-fr…

Celtic Sea The Celtic Sea is the part of the Atlantic Ocean lying off southern Ireland and the adjacent coasts of Great Britain and Brittany. It is a shallow shelf sea with important fisherie…

Čemernica — mountain in Central Bosnia and Herzegovina Čemernica (Bosnia and Herzegovina) Čemernica is a 1,338 m mountain in central Bosnia, near Banja Luka. It overlooks the Vrbas river basin and links several municipalities; foothills include Bočac and its hydroelectr…

Center of Population: Definition, Methods, History and Uses Center of population Explanation of the center of population concept, measurement methods, historical examples (including the U.S.), and practical uses and limitations for planning and representation.

Centovalli: the Swiss-Italian valley between Locarno and Valle Vigezzo Centovalli Centovalli is a steep-sided valley in Ticino, Switzerland, extending from Intragna near Locarno to the Italian border where it continues as Valle Vigezzo; known for its scenery and…

Central (word): meanings, uses, and distinctions Central An overview of the adjective 'central'—its meanings, etymology, common uses across fields (geography, organizations, science, computing), and how it contrasts with peripheral or de…

Central Africa: geography, peoples, history, and contemporary significance Central Africa Overview of Central Africa, its countries, geography, peoples, history, natural resources, and contemporary challenges, including conservation and regional cooperation.

Central Africa Time (CAT) Central Africa Time Central Africa Time (CAT) is a year‑round UTC+2 time zone used across central and southern Africa; it is sometimes called South Africa Standard Time (SAST) and does not observe day…

Central African Republic Landlocked country in central Africa with a plateau landscape, extensive forests and savannas, a mix of cultures and languages, and a history of colonial rule, independence and rec…

Central Alberta: geography, economy, communities and history Central Alberta Central Alberta is a mixed agricultural and energy region surrounding the Edmonton Capital Region, marked by rivers, parks and small cities that connect Alberta’s prairie and parkl…

Central America: geography, people, history, and significance Central America Region connecting North and South America; seven countries with diverse landscapes, cultures, languages and a rich history from ancient civilizations to modern economies.

Central Asia: geography, peoples, history and modern significance Central Asia Concise guide to Central Asia: its countries and borders, major physical features, historical influences, economic importance, and contemporary political context.

Central Bohemian Region (Středočeský kraj) Central Bohemian Region Region surrounding Prague in the Czech Republic. Covers about 14% of the country, is the most populous region, and contains rivers, protected landscapes, historic towns and key ind…

Central Bosnia Canton (Srednjobosanski kanton) Central Bosnia Canton Central Bosnia Canton is one of ten cantons in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, centered on Travnik. It had 273,149 inhabitants in 2013 and comprises several municipalitie…

Central Denmark Region (Region Midtjylland) Central Denmark Region An administrative region in central Jutland, Denmark, centered on Aarhus and with its administrative seat in Viborg; responsible for healthcare, regional development and coordinati…

Central Department (Paraguay) Central Department Central Department (Departamento Central) is Paraguay's smallest department by area and its most populous; capital Areguá; contains many cities of the Gran Asunción metropolitan ar…

Central Development Region (Madhyamanchal), Nepal Central Development Region, Nepal Former administrative region of east-central Nepal centered on the Kathmandu Valley with headquarters at Hetauda; important for politics, transport, economy and diverse geography.

Central Eleuthera (Bahamas district) Central Eleuthera Central Eleuthera is a district on Eleuthera island in the Bahamas centered on Governor's Harbour, combining coastal communities, agriculture, and small-scale tourism with local se…

Central Europe: Geography, History, Culture and Identity Central Europe A concise overview of Central Europe covering its geography, common country groupings, historical development, cultural features, and how it is distinguished from Eastern and Weste…

Central European Summer Time (CEST) Central European Summer Time CEST is the daylight saving time (UTC+2) used by many countries that observe Central European Time, advancing clocks by one hour in summer to extend evening daylight.

Central European Time (CET) Central European Time Central European Time (CET) is the time zone at UTC+1 used by many European countries and parts of North Africa; in summer it becomes Central European Summer Time (CEST, UTC+2).

Central Finland (Keski‑Suomi) Central Finland Central Finland (Keski‑Suomi) is a lake‑rich Finnish region centered on the city of Jyväskylä, known for forests, education and outdoor recreation. Neighbouring regions include Pir…

Central Florida: geography, climate, population and development Central Florida Overview of Central Florida: geography and boundaries, climate, major cities and counties, growth and economy, transportation and planning, and notable features and attractions.

Central India: geography, history, culture and economy Central India Central India, comprising Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh, is a transitional zone of plains, plateaus and forests. This article covers its physical features, history, major cities,…

Central Italy Central Italy (Italia centrale) is an ISTAT NUTS1 statistical region that includes Tuscany, Umbria, Marche and Lazio. It is noted for its historical cities, Renaissance heritage, v…

Central Java — province of Indonesia Central Java Central Java is a province on the island of Java, Indonesia, known for its cultural heritage, agricultural economy, historic temples, and major cities such as Semarang and Surakart…

Central Louisiana (Cenla) — the Crossroads of Louisiana Central Louisiana Central Louisiana, often called Cenla or the Crossroads, is the mid-region of the U.S. state of Louisiana centered on Alexandria; it blends rural and urban communities, industry, h…

Central Luzon (Region III) — agricultural heart and central plain of Luzon Central Luzon Central Luzon (Region III) is a major Philippine region on Luzon island, noted for the country’s largest plain, extensive rice production, historic sites, industrial zones and cult…

Central Oklahoma (Frontier Country) Central Oklahoma Central Oklahoma, often called Frontier Country by the state tourism agency, is the heartland of Oklahoma — dominated by Oklahoma City, regional plains landscapes, and a mix of urb…

Central Ontario Region of southern Ontario between Georgian Bay and eastern Lake Ontario; largely rural with mixed economy, cottage country, and several mid-sized cities including Peterborough, Ba…

Central Ostrobothnia (Keski‑Pohjanmaa), Finland Central Ostrobothnia Region on Finland’s west coast centered on Kokkola; known for coastal plains, bilingual communities, forestry, light industry and the Kaustinen folk music tradition.

Central Province, Sri Lanka Mountainous heart of Sri Lanka covering Kandy, Matale and Nuwara Eliya districts; known for tea country, montane biodiversity, water catchments, historic Kandy and UNESCO central h…

Central Province, Zambia Central Province is a central Zambian region with Kabwe as its capital. It is an agricultural and transport hub, with a mining legacy in Kabwe and key rail links at Kapiri Mposhi.