Geography

Subtropics — climatic zone between tropics and temperate regions Subtropics The subtropics are the climatic belt between the tropics and temperate zones, characterized by warm to hot summers, mild winters, and a range of rainfall patterns from humid to Med…

Suceava County: geography, history, and cultural heritage Suceava County Suceava County in northeastern Romania spans parts of historical Moldavia and Bukovina. Its capital is Suceava. The county is known for Carpathian landscapes, painted monasteries,…

Sucre Department, Colombia Sucre Department Sucre is a department in Colombia’s Caribbean Region with capital Sincelejo. It is noted for coastal plains, agriculture, fishing, regional festivals and diverse wetlands and mangr…

Sud (department) — South Haiti region centered on Les Cayes Sud (department) Sud is one of Haiti's ten departments, occupying the country's southern peninsula. Its capital is Les Cayes. The region is known for coastal plains, agriculture, fishing, tourism a…

Sud (Sud‑Muntenia) — Development Region of Romania Sud (development region) Sud (Sud‑Muntenia) is a Romanian development region covering the southern part of Muntenia. It groups several counties, combines agricultural plains and industrial centres, and has…

Sud-Est (Haiti) — South-East department Sud-Est (department) Sud-Est is one of Haiti's ten departments, in the southeastern peninsula. Its capital is Jacmel; the region is known for coastal scenery, mountains, arts and cultural festivals.

Sud-Est (Romania) — Development Region Sud-Est (development region) Sud-Est is one of Romania's eight development regions, covering six counties in the southeast. It coordinates regional planning, EU funding and development initiatives for the area…

Sud-Ouest Region (Burkina Faso) Sud-Ouest is a southwestern administrative region of Burkina Faso, created in 2001. Its capital is Gaoua and it includes four provinces. The region is known for its cultural divers…

Sud-Ubangi Province (Democratic Republic of the Congo) Sud-Ubangi Sud-Ubangi is a northern province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo on the Ubangi River with capital Gemena; created in 2015 from Équateur, it is mainly rural with river-base…

Sud‑Vest Oltenia (development region) Sud-Vest (development region) Sud‑Vest Oltenia is one of Romania's eight development regions, covering the historic Oltenia area. It coordinates regional development, EU funding and statistical reporting withou…

Sudan: Republic of the Sudan — overview, geography, history and culture Sudan Sudan, officially the Republic of the Sudan, is a large Northeast African country centered on the Nile. This article summarizes its geography, history, society, economy, and cultur…

Sudetenland: region, interwar politics, annexation and legacy Sudetenland Sudetenland — the predominantly German-speaking border area of former Czechoslovakia centered on the Sudetes mountains — its geography, 20th-century history, 1938 annexation and po…

Sudetes: Mountains of Central Europe and their natural, cultural, and geological significance Sudetes A concise overview of the Sudetes mountain range in Central Europe: geography, geology, key subranges and peaks, human history, ecology, and modern recreational and conservation ro…

Sudhnoti District Sudhnoti District is a hilly administrative region in Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan, noted for its Sudhan community, historic role in regional resistance, and rural economy base…

Südliche Weinstraße (district) Südliche Weinstraße Südliche Weinstraße is a rural district in southern Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, known for vineyards, the southern section of the German Wine Route, and a mix of forested highlan…

Südoststeiermark District — southeastern Styria, Austria Südoststeiermark District Administrative district in southeastern Styria, Austria, created in 2013 by merging Radkersburg and Feldbach districts; noted for vineyards, agriculture, spa towns and cross‑border…

Sudurpashchim Province (Far-Western Province of Nepal) Sudurpashchim Province Westernmost province of Nepal, formerly Province No. 7. Bordered by China and India, capital designated Godawari. Varied terrain from Himalaya to Terai, with distinct languages, cu…

Südwestpfalz: geography, history, and cultural landscape of a rural German district Südwestpfalz Südwestpfalz is a rural district in the state of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, known for extensive forests, sandstone formations, small towns, and cross‑border cultural and econom…

Suez Canal: history, route, and global significance Suez Canal Artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt connecting the Mediterranean and Red Seas; built in the 19th century, expanded and modernized since, and vital to global maritime trade and g…

Suez Governorate: gateway between the Mediterranean and the Red Sea Suez Governorate Suez Governorate, in northeastern Egypt, surrounds the southern entrance to the Suez Canal. Its capital is Suez city. The governorate is a strategic hub for shipping, energy, indus…

Sula Sgeir: remote gannet skerry of northern Scotland Sula Sgeir Sula Sgeir is an uninhabited, rocky Scottish islet known for its large gannet colony, traditional guga harvest, dramatic sea caves and stringent nature protection. Extremely remote…

Sulaiman Mountains: geography, ecology and cultural significance Sulaiman Mountains Major mountain range on the Afghanistan–Pakistan frontier. A north–south barrier shaping climate, hydrology, ecosystems and human life, notable for juniper woodlands, river sources…

Sulawesi: geography, biodiversity, culture and modern significance Sulawesi Sulawesi (formerly Celebes) is a large, irregularly shaped island of Indonesia noted for its unique biogeography, endemic species, diverse cultures, and important role in regional…

Sully County, South Dakota Sully County is a sparsely populated, agriculturally focused county in central South Dakota. Created in 1873 with its county seat at Onida, it exemplifies Great Plains rural settle…

Sulu Sea The Sulu Sea is a tropical marginal sea in the western Philippines, noted for its islands, diverse coral reefs including Tubbataha, important fisheries, and historical role in regi…

Šumadija: central Serbian region of forests, hills and history Šumadija Šumadija is a central Serbian region named for its forests. Known for rolling hills, orchards and historic sites, it was important in early 19th‑century uprisings and remains a cul…

Sumba — island of eastern Indonesia, culture and landscape Sumba Sumba is an Indonesian island in the Lesser Sunda chain known for monsoon savanna, ikat weaving, megalithic traditions and a history of sandalwood trade. Area ~11,153 km²; populati…

Sumida River (Sumida-gawa) Sumida River A central Tokyo river that flows from the city's northern districts to Tokyo Bay; noted for historic bridges, hanami cherry blossoms, the Sumida River Fireworks, and cultural impor…

Summit (mountain top) Summit A summit is the highest point of a hill or mountain. This article explains what summits are, how they are measured, related terms like peak and prominence, and their cultural and s…

Sumter County, Georgia Sumter County is a centrally located county in the U.S. state of Georgia, founded in 1831 with its county seat at Americus. It has historical sites, an agricultural base, and regio…

Sumy Oblast — northeastern province of Ukraine Sumy Oblast Sumy Oblast is a northeastern region of Ukraine with the city of Sumy as its administrative centre. The area has a forest‑steppe landscape, agricultural economy, and a mixed Ukrain…

Sun Belt (United States region) Sun Belt A U.S. region of warm-weather states in the South and Southwest known for post‑WWII population growth, economic expansion, retirement communities, and distinctive climate and polit…

Sunda Islands: geography, biodiversity and human presence Sunda Islands Island group in the Malay Archipelago split into Greater and Lesser Sunda Islands; notable for tectonic activity, rich biodiversity, the Wallace Line, and shared political control…

Sunda Strait: maritime passage between Sumatra and Java Sunda Strait A narrow sea passage in western Indonesia between the islands of Java and Sumatra, linking the Java Sea and the Indian Ocean; notable for volcanic activity, including Krakatoa and…

Sundarbans: Largest Mangrove Forest and Transboundary Tiger Reserve Sundarbans The Sundarbans is the world's largest tidal mangrove forest spanning parts of Bangladesh and India, known for its unique ecology, Bengal tiger population, and critical role in coas…

Sundarbans National Park: mangrove reserve, tiger habitat and coastal ecosystem Sundarbans National Park Sundarbans National Park in West Bengal, India, is a protected mangrove forest, tiger reserve and biosphere area known for tidal waterways, rich biodiversity and crucial coastal pr…

Suriname: overview, geography, history, economy and culture Suriname Concise encyclopedia entry on Suriname covering geography, people, history, economy, and culture with key distinctions and notable facts.

Sursee District (Canton of Lucerne) Sursee District Sursee District is an administrative district in the canton of Lucerne, Switzerland, centered on the town of Sursee. It comprises several rural and small urban municipalities aroun…

Surselva (district) — region of Graubünden, Switzerland Surselva (district) Surselva is a mountainous district in the Swiss canton of Graubünden, known for Romansh culture, alpine landscapes, river valleys and a mix of agriculture, hydropower and tourism.

Surses (Sursés / Oberhalbstein): valley and municipality in Graubünden, Switzerland Surses Surses is a mountain valley and modern municipality in the Albula district of Graubünden, formed in 2016 by the merger of nine former communes; notable for alpine scenery, mixed Ro…

Suru River (Indus tributary in Kargil, Jammu and Kashmir) Suru River (Indus) Glacial river rising near the Nun Kun massif, flowing through the Suru Valley in the Kargil region and joining the Indus; vital for local agriculture, communities, and mountain eco…

Suru Valley (Ladakh): geography, communities, history and travel Suru Valley High-altitude valley in Ladakh drained by the Suru River, home to mixed Dardic and Tibetan communities, notable towns Kargil and Rangdum, and routes into Zanskar and the Indus basi…

Suruga Province (Sunshū) — historic province of central Shizuoka Suruga Province Former Japanese province in what is now central Shizuoka Prefecture. Bordered Izu, Kai, Sagami, Shinano and Tōtōmi; faced Suruga Bay. Important in Tōkaidō travel and Tokugawa histo…

Sus, Pyrénées-Atlantiques: overview of the French commune Sus, Pyrénées-Atlantiques Sus is a small rural commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department of southwestern France, known for its agricultural landscape, local heritage and proximity to the Pyrenees and A…

Susquehanna River: geography, history, ecology, and uses Susquehanna River A comprehensive overview of the Susquehanna River — its course, branches, history, ecology, human uses, and notable distinctions across New York, Pennsylvania and Maryland.

Sussex County, Delaware: Geography, Economy, and Coastal Communities Sussex County, Delaware Explore Sussex County, Delaware—its Delmarva Peninsula geography, economy rooted in agriculture and coastal tourism, and communities from Georgetown to Lewes, Rehoboth Beach and Be…

Sussex County, New Jersey Northernmost county of New Jersey, known for rural landscapes, state parks, and the town of Newton as its county seat. Geography, history, recreation, and key towns explained.

Sutlej River (Satluj) Sutlej Major Himalayan river rising near Mount Kailash in Tibet, flowing west through northern India and Pakistan as the easternmost branch of the Indus basin with key cultural, agricultu…