Mathematics

Articles about numbers, structures, logic and mathematical concepts.

Articles in this category: 1129 Updated: April 29, 2026 Page 23 / 24

Topological space

Topology

Topology

Topology: the mathematical study of space, continuity and shape

An introduction to topology: its basic concepts, main branches (point-set, algebraic, differential), history, examples, and applications across mathematics and science.

Toroid (geometry)

Torsion

Torsion: twisting in biology, mathematics, medicine and mechanics

Torus

Torus

Transcendental number

Transfinite number

Transformation

Transformation

Transformation (mathematics)

A mathematical transformation is a rule that maps points between coordinate systems or within a space. It includes linear, affine, projective and non‑linear types and is central to

Transitivity (mathematics)

Transitivity (mathematics)

Transitivity is a structural property of a binary relation: whenever a relation links a to b and b to c, it also links a to c. It underpins equivalence relations and partial orders

Transpose

Transpose

Transpose (matrix operation)

The transpose of a matrix or vector swaps rows and columns. This article explains the definition, basic properties, common notation, examples, and where the transpose is used in ma

Transposition

Trapezoid

Trapezoid (Trapezium) — Definition, Properties, and Uses

Travelling salesman problem

Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP)

Triacontadigon

Triacontagon

Triacontagon (30-sided polygon)

Triangle

Triangle (basic geometry and properties)

Triangular number

Trigonometric function

Trigonometric functions

Trigonometry

Trigonometry: functions, principles, history, and applications

Trillion

Truncated differential cryptanalysis

Truncated icosahedron

Truncated octahedron

Tuple

Tuple: ordered finite sequences in mathematics and computing

Turing complete

Turing complete (Turing completeness in computation)

Twin prime

Twin prime conjecture

Type I and type II errors

Type I and Type II Errors in Hypothesis Testing

Uncountable set

Unit

Unit circle

Unit vector

Unit vector: definition, properties and common uses

Unitary

United States customary units

Universal quantifier

Universe of discourse

Unknown (math)

Unknown (mathematics): variables, notation, history, and uses

UNO

UNO: card game, numeral, and common acronyms

Validated numerics

Validated numerics (reliable computation)

Variable

Variable (mathematics, science, and computing)

Variance

Variance

Variance (probability and statistics)

Variance quantifies dispersion by averaging squared deviations from the mean. It is nonnegative, measured in squared units, and underpins standard deviation, risk measures and many

Vector

Vector

Vector (mathematics and physics)

A vector is a mathematical object with magnitude and direction. Covers definitions, representations, operations (addition, dot and cross), history and common applications in scienc

Vector calculus

Vector calculus: concepts, operators, history and applications

Vector field

Vector field (mathematics and physical interpretation)

Vector space

Vector space

A vector space is a set of objects called vectors closed under addition and scalar multiplication; it is the central structure of linear algebra with bases, dimension and many appl

Venn diagram

Vertex

Vertex figure