Technology

Game Gear (Sega handheld video game console) Game Gear Sega's Game Gear is a handheld color-screen console introduced in 1990. It competed with the Game Boy, had a backlit colour display, a library of Sega ports and accessories includi…

Game Maker (GameMaker Studio): Visual game development tool Game Maker Game Maker is a development environment that enables rapid creation of primarily 2D games using drag-and-drop actions and an optional scripting language (GML), popular with hobbyis…

Nintendo GameCube: overview, hardware, software, and legacy GameCube The Nintendo GameCube is Nintendo’s sixth-generation home console (2001–2009). Noted for its compact cube design, distinctive controller, miniDVD discs and a strong library includi…

GameShark GameShark is a line of cheat devices and software for consoles and PCs that let players alter game memory to enable effects such as infinite items, unlocked content, or altered phy…

GarageBand — Apple's music creation and recording software GarageBand GarageBand is Apple’s consumer-focused digital audio workstation for macOS and iOS, offering virtual instruments, multitrack recording, loops, MIDI support and tools for learning,…

Garbage collection (computer science) Automatic reclamation of memory no longer reachable by a program, covering main algorithms, history, trade-offs, and differences from manual memory management.

Garden fork: uses, types, construction and care Garden fork Overview of the garden (spading) fork: design, types, common uses, differences from spades and pitchforks, and practical care and technique for gardeners.

Gas operation (firearms) Gas operation diverts propellant gas from a fired cartridge to cycle autoloading weapons. Explains how it works, main system types (direct impingement, piston), components, history…

GDebi — lightweight installer for .deb packages on Debian-based Linux Gdebi GDebi is a small utility for installing local .deb packages on Debian-based systems. It examines dependencies using APT, can fetch missing packages, and is available with GUI and c…

General-purpose programming language A programming language designed to express algorithms and build software across many domains rather than being limited to a single application area.

Genesis Nomad — portable Sega Genesis/Mega Drive console Genesis Nomad Handheld version of the Sega Genesis (Mega Drive) released in 1995. Plays most Genesis cartridges, has a color screen, limited battery life and direct support for Sega CD/32X is no…

Genetic algorithm A genetic algorithm is a population-based search heuristic that mimics natural selection to solve optimization and search problems across engineering, science and computing.

Gentoo Linux: a source‑based, configurable Linux distribution Gentoo Linux Gentoo Linux is a source‑based, highly configurable Linux distribution focused on performance, customization and a powerful Portage package management system.

George Foreman Grill Compact electric contact grill introduced in 1994, known for a slanted, fat-draining design and celebrity endorsement by boxer George Foreman. Widely used for quick indoor grilling…

Getdeb — third‑party Ubuntu repository for ready-to-install .deb packages Getdeb Getdeb was a community portal that provided ready-to-install .deb packages and an APT repository for Ubuntu, offering newer versions of free/open-source applications outside the of…

Gibibyte (GiB): the binary unit of digital information Gibibyte A gibibyte (GiB) is a binary-based unit equal to 2^30 bytes (1,073,741,824 bytes). It distinguishes binary measurements from decimal gigabytes (GB) and clarifies reporting of memor…

Gibson SG: design, history, and influence of the solid-body electric guitar Gibson SG The Gibson SG is a lightweight, double-cutaway solid-body electric guitar introduced in 1961. Known for its thin mahogany body, fast neck and use in rock music, it remains a core G…

Gigabyte (GB): definitions, history, and practical distinctions Gigabyte Overview of the gigabyte (GB), decimal vs. binary definitions, history of standards, everyday uses, and distinctions such as gibibyte (GiB) and relationship to the terabyte.

GIMP: GNU Image Manipulation Program — overview, features, history, and uses GIMP GIMP is a free, extensible image editor used for photo retouching, composition, and format conversion; developed by volunteers as part of the GNU project.

Git: distributed version control system Git Git is a fast, distributed version control system for tracking changes in source code. Created by Linus Torvalds, it emphasizes branching, integrity, speed and collaboration under…

Gizmondo — handheld multimedia game console with GPS and GPRS Gizmondo Gizmondo was a mid-2000s handheld console by Tiger Telematics that combined portable gaming with GPS location features, mobile data (GPRS), a camera and multimedia playback. It had…

Glitch (computing and media) Glitch A glitch is a brief, unexpected fault in software, hardware, or multimedia that produces incorrect, unintended, or surprising behavior. It can be transient, reproducible, harmful,…

Global Positioning System (GPS): Overview, Function, History and Uses Global Positioning System GPS is a satellite-based navigation and timing system that provides location, velocity and time information worldwide for civilian and military users.

Glock (series of pistols) Glock Overview of the Glock family of polymer-frame semi-automatic pistols: design, history, variants, uses, and notable facts about adoption and features.

GLONASS — Russia's Global Navigation Satellite System GLONASS GLONASS is Russia’s space-based satellite navigation system that provides global positioning, navigation and timing services. It serves civilian and military users and is interoper…

Glow in the Dark: Causes, Materials, History and Uses Glow in the dark An overview of glow-in-the-dark phenomena: physical and chemical mechanisms (phosphorescence, bioluminescence, chemiluminescence, radioluminescence), common materials, history, use…

gNewSense — Debian-based GNU/Linux distribution focused on free software gNewSense gNewSense is a Debian-derived GNU/Linux distribution that excludes nonfree software and firmware, aimed at users and organisations committed to software freedom.

GNOME: free desktop environment for Unix-like systems GNOME GNOME is a free and open-source desktop environment focused on simplicity and accessibility. It provides a complete graphical user experience, core applications, and a development…

GNU (GNU's Not Unix) — The Free Software Operating System Project GNU GNU is a long-running project to create a free operating system and associated tools; it established the free software philosophy and the GNU General Public License and influenced…

Emacs: Extensible Lisp-Based Text Editor and Customizable Development Environment GNU Emacs Emacs, a cross-platform extensible text editor and customizable development environment powered by Emacs Lisp, lets users add tools, tailor workflows, and manage email, projects, a…

GNU GRUB — the GNU boot loader for multi-OS systems GNU GRUB GNU GRUB is a flexible boot loader from the GNU Project that locates and loads operating systems and kernels, supports BIOS and UEFI, multiboot, chainloading, modules, and interact…

GNU Hurd: the GNU project's multiserver microkernel system GNU Hurd GNU Hurd is a collection of servers running on a microkernel, developed to give users maximum control over the GNU operating system through a flexible, extensible multiserver desig…

Goggles: Types, Construction, Uses, and Safety Considerations Goggles An overview of goggles: how they are made, different types (swimming, laboratory, welding, safety), their history, uses, standards, maintenance, and how to choose and fit them.

Google Assistant Google Assistant is Google's conversational AI virtual assistant that responds to voice and text commands, manages tasks, controls smart-home devices, and integrates with services…

Google Chrome OS A lightweight operating system from Google designed around the Chrome browser and web applications, used on Chromebooks, Chromeboxes and other devices with cloud-focused management…

Google Maps mobile app — history, features, and platform support Google Maps (application) Overview of the Google Maps mobile app: its development since 2008, key features like navigation, Street View and transit, and support across Android and iOS devices.

Google Nexus — line of Android reference devices Google Nexus Series of smartphones and tablets produced by Google with hardware partners to showcase a stock Android experience, developer access, and timely updates; replaced by Pixel devices…

Google Picasa — desktop photo organizer and basic editor Google Picasa Google Picasa was a desktop photo manager and editor that organized images, provided simple corrections, face grouping and web sharing; retired in 2016 and largely replaced by Goog…

Google Pixel (hardware brand) Google Pixel Google Pixel is Google's family of consumer hardware: primarily smartphones but also tablets, Chromebooks, wearables and accessories, notable for camera software, stock Android and…

GP2X: Open Linux Handheld for Homebrew, Emulation and Media Playback GP2X The GP2X is a Linux-based open-platform handheld favored by hobbyist developers for emulation, homebrew games and multimedia playback (DivX/XviD, MP3, Ogg Vorbis).

GParted — GNOME Partition Editor and Disk Partitioning Tool GParted GParted is a free, open-source graphical utility for creating, resizing, moving, copying and inspecting disk partitions. It helps prepare disks for operating systems and reorganize…

GPGPU (General-Purpose computing on Graphics Processing Units) GPGPU GPGPU is the practice of using graphics processors to accelerate computation beyond rendering. It leverages GPU parallelism for scientific, ML, media, and data-parallel workloads a…

Grain elevator Facility and machinery for lifting, storing and moving bulk cereal grain; covers bucket elevators, storage silos, handling buildings and safety considerations.

Gramme machine (Gramme dynamo) Gramme machine An early electrical generator invented by Zénobe Gramme in 1871 that used a ring armature to produce usable direct current for industrial applications and could also operate as a m…

Graphics Device Interface (GDI) Graphics Device Interface An overview of Microsoft Windows' Graphics Device Interface: purpose, components, history, typical uses, limitations, and how it compares with modern graphics APIs.

Graphics Interchange Format (GIF): overview, features, history, and uses Graphics Interchange Format GIF is an indexed-color raster image format introduced in 1987 that supports simple transparency, interlacing and frame-based animations; widely used for icons and short looping cl…

Graphics Processing Unit (GPU): Purpose, Architecture, History, and Uses Graphics processing unit An overview of graphics processing units: what they are, how they work, types, history, main uses (gaming, design, compute) and practical factors when choosing one.

Graphics tablet: digital drawing and handwriting input device Graphics tablet A graphics tablet is a computer input device that records hand-drawn strokes and handwriting with a stylus. Widely used by artists, designers and for character input, annotation an…