Events

COVID-19 pandemic in Slovenia Overview of the COVID-19 pandemic in Slovenia: arrival, public-health response, declaration ending the first epidemic wave, later developments, and social and healthcare impacts.

COVID-19 pandemic in Somalia: outbreak, response and impact COVID-19 pandemic in Somalia Summary of the COVID-19 outbreak in Somalia, the public-health response, vaccination and humanitarian challenges, socio‑economic effects, governance issues and ongoing priorities f…

COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea Overview of the arrival, national response, public-health measures, and social impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea from its first reported case onward.

COVID-19 pandemic in South Sudan Summary of the COVID-19 outbreak in South Sudan: first confirmed cases, government and humanitarian responses, healthcare constraints, and the pandemic's social and economic effect…

COVID-19 pandemic in Spain: timeline, response, and impact COVID-19 pandemic in Spain Overview of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain, covering early spread, public-health measures, regional impact, economic and social consequences, vaccination rollout, and notable devel…

COVID-19 pandemic in Sri Lanka Overview of the COVID-19 outbreak in Sri Lanka, covering early cases, public-health measures, quarantine and contact-tracing efforts, and social and economic impacts through mid-20…

COVID-19 pandemic in Sudan: outbreak, response, and societal impact COVID-19 pandemic in Sudan Overview of how COVID-19 arrived in Sudan, the government and health response, impacts on society and economy, logistical challenges, and notable distinctions between regions and p…

COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden Overview of the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden, its timeline, public-health approach, major measures, impacts, and how it differed from other Nordic responses.

COVID-19 pandemic in Switzerland Overview of the COVID-19 pandemic in Switzerland: origins, public-health response, timeline highlights, social and economic impacts, and distinctive federal and cantonal features.

COVID-19 pandemic in Syria: overview, response, and challenges COVID-19 pandemic in Syria Summary of the COVID-19 outbreak in Syria, its timeline, public-health response, humanitarian challenges, impact on displaced populations, and the fractured governance that shaped…

COVID-19 pandemic in Tanzania: timeline, responses, and impacts COVID-19 pandemic in Tanzania Overview of the arrival, early spread, government actions, international reactions and later developments during the COVID-19 pandemic in Tanzania.

COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand Overview of the COVID-19 outbreak, response, and impacts in Thailand from the first confirmed case in January 2020 through major public health measures, vaccination efforts, and ec…

COVID-19 pandemic in the Bahamas Summary of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Bahamas: overview, timeline of responses, public-health measures, economic and social impacts, and key challenges faced by the archipelago.

COVID-19 pandemic in the Czech Republic Summary of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Czech Republic: first confirmed cases on 1 March 2020, public-health response, social and economic effects, vaccination rollout, and ongoing…

COVID-19 pandemic in the Democratic Republic of the Congo Overview of the COVID-19 outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: arrival, public health response, impacts on health systems and society, vaccination roll-out, and key cha…

COVID-19 pandemic in the Dominican Republic Overview of the emergence, public-health response, social and economic effects, and later developments of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Dominican Republic from March 2020 onward.

COVID-19 pandemic in The Gambia Overview of the arrival, public-health response, social and economic effects, and later developments of the COVID-19 pandemic in The Gambia.

COVID-19 pandemic in the Netherlands Overview of the emergence, public-health response, social and economic impacts, and later developments of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Netherlands.

COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines Overview of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines: onset, public-health measures, healthcare and economic impacts, vaccination and variants, and notable aspects of the national…

COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland Overview of the arrival, spread, public-health response and societal effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland, including key characteristics and cross‑border con…

COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of the Congo Overview of the COVID-19 outbreak in the Republic of the Congo, early cases, government response, public health challenges, and social impact during 2020 and subsequent development…

COVID-19 pandemic in the State of Palestine Overview of the COVID-19 outbreak in the Palestinian territories: timeline, public-health measures, impacts on Gaza and the West Bank, challenges for health services, and the vacci…

COVID-19 pandemic in the United Arab Emirates Summary of the UAE experience during the COVID-19 pandemic: early cases, public-health measures, social and economic impacts, vaccination rollout, and notable responses.

COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom Summary of the course, responses, impacts and key developments of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom from its arrival in early 2020 through major public-health actions and…

COVID-19 pandemic in the United States: overview, timeline, and impact COVID-19 pandemic in the United States A concise, neutral summary of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States covering origins, key events, public-health responses, societal impact, and the transition toward mitigatio…

COVID-19 pandemic in Togo A concise overview of the COVID-19 outbreak in Togo: timeline, public-health actions, vaccination rollout, social and economic impacts, and ongoing surveillance.

COVID-19 pandemic in Trinidad and Tobago Overview of the COVID-19 pandemic in Trinidad and Tobago, including onset, public health response, vaccination efforts, social and economic impacts, and notable characteristics of…

COVID-19 pandemic in Tunisia Summary of Tunisia’s experience with COVID-19: first imported case, national response and restrictions, health and economic impacts, later vaccination efforts, and notable developm…

COVID-19 pandemic in Uganda Overview of the arrival, government response, social and economic impacts, and later developments of the COVID-19 pandemic in Uganda beginning in March 2020.

COVID-19 pandemic in Uruguay Overview of the COVID-19 outbreak in Uruguay: origins, public health response, testing and surveillance, societal impacts, and notable features of the country’s pandemic experience…

COVID-19 pandemic in Uzbekistan Overview of the arrival, public-health response, timeline and effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in Uzbekistan, including early measures, notable events, and later vaccination and re…

COVID-19 pandemic in Vatican City Overview of how the COVID-19 pandemic affected Vatican City, its reporting approach, cases among residents and employees, public health measures, and subsequent vaccination and ope…

COVID-19 pandemic in Venezuela: timeline, response and consequences COVID-19 pandemic in Venezuela Overview of the COVID-19 pandemic in Venezuela, covering early cases, public-health measures, healthcare challenges, vaccination rollout, and social and economic effects.

COVID-19 pandemic in Vietnam Summary of the COVID-19 pandemic in Vietnam: first detection, containment strategy, major outbreaks, testing and vaccination efforts, and social and economic effects through early…

COVID-19 pandemic in Yemen Overview of the COVID-19 epidemic in Yemen, its emergence, interaction with ongoing conflict and humanitarian crisis, response obstacles, and notable issues such as underreporting…

COVID-19 pandemic in Zimbabwe Overview of the COVID-19 outbreak in Zimbabwe: arrival, public-health actions, impacts, data limits and continuing challenges from early 2020 onward.

Cricket World Cup (ICC One Day International tournament) Cricket World Cup The ICC Cricket World Cup is the premier international men's One Day International (ODI) cricket tournament, held roughly every four years since 1975 and organized by the Internati…

Crisis: definition, types, response and impacts Crisis A crisis is a sudden, high-stakes event or turning point that threatens valued systems or lives and requires rapid decisions. This article explains types, features, historical use,…

Cromwellian conquest of Ireland (1649–1653) Cromwellian conquest of Ireland Military campaign (1649–1653) by Oliver Cromwell and the English Parliament that defeated Confederate and Royalist forces in Ireland, reshaped land ownership, and left a lasting le…

Crucifixion of Jesus: accounts, meaning, and cultural memory Crucifixion of Jesus Overview of the crucifixion of Jesus: gospel narratives, theological interpretations, historical context, liturgical observance, artistic representations, and scholarly debate.

Cult suicide: mass deaths within closed religious or ideological groups Cult suicide An overview of cult suicide — coordinated or coerced death events tied to closed groups — describing characteristics, notable cases, historical context, and legal and social respon…

Cyber Sunday (2008) — WWE fan‑voted pay‑per‑view in Phoenix Cyber Sunday (2008) Cyber Sunday (2008) was a World Wrestling Entertainment pay‑per‑view on October 26, 2008 in Phoenix that used fan voting to decide match stipulations and participants.

Cyclone Amphan Super Cyclonic Storm Amphan was a powerful tropical cyclone in May 2020 that struck the Bay of Bengal coasts of India and Bangladesh, causing widespread damage, loss of life, and l…

Cyclone Dirk — December 2013 European windstorm Cyclone Dirk Cyclone Dirk was a deep extratropical storm that crossed the North Atlantic and struck Western Europe from Iberia to Iceland in late December 2013, causing widespread disruption an…

Cyclone Nargis (2008): Myanmar’s catastrophic storm and humanitarian impact Cyclone Nargis Cyclone Nargis struck Myanmar in April–May 2008 as a Category 4 cyclone, producing a devastating storm surge in the Irrawaddy delta and causing widespread destruction, large-scale…

Cyclone Pam: 2015 South Pacific Category 5 tropical cyclone Cyclone Pam An overview of Cyclone Pam (March 2015), a Category 5 South Pacific cyclone that devastated Vanuatu, its meteorological features, impacts, and humanitarian response.

Cyclone Tracy (1974): the storm that devastated Darwin Cyclone Tracy Cyclone Tracy struck Darwin, Australia on 24–25 December 1974. A very compact but intense tropical cyclone, it destroyed much of the city, caused 71 deaths and prompted major chang…

Dakota Access Pipeline protests (NoDAPL) Dakota Access Pipeline protests A 2016–2017 grassroots movement opposing the Dakota Access Pipeline, led by Indigenous communities and allies over water protection, sacred sites, legal and environmental concerns.