Organizations

Dignitas — Swiss non-profit assisting voluntary assisted dying Dignitas (Swiss non-profit organisation) Dignitas is a Swiss non-profit that provides assistance to people seeking voluntary assisted dying under Swiss law. The organisation manages assessments, documentation and supervis…

Diocese of Karlstad A diocese of the Church of Sweden covering Dalsland, Närke and Värmland, seated at Karlstad Cathedral and established in 1581; responsible for pastoral care, heritage and local chu…

DisneyToon Studios Defunct Disney animation division known for direct-to-video sequels, television tie-ins and family films; produced 67 movies and closed in 2018.

Division 1: Meanings and uses across sports, education, military, and organizations Division 1 Overview of Division 1 across sports, education, military and organizations — explains how the label denotes competitive tiers, unit names or administrative divisions and varies by…

Djurgårdsandan: Djurgården football club's corporate social responsibility programme Djurgårdsandan Djurgårdsandan is a CSR initiative launched in 2006 by Djurgården football association to engage young people, promote club values and a positive supporter culture through projects…

DMOZ (Open Directory Project) DMOZ DMOZ, or the Open Directory Project, was a large volunteer-edited web directory that organized sites into a hierarchical taxonomy and influenced early search and web classification…

Doctors Without Borders (Médecins Sans Frontières): mission, history, and operations Doctors Without Borders Doctors Without Borders (MSF) is an international medical humanitarian NGO founded in 1971 that provides impartial emergency medical aid in conflicts, epidemics, disasters and area…

Document Records — label for early American roots and historic reissues Document Records Document Records is an independent record label specializing in reissues of early American roots music and historic recordings from the first half of the 20th century.

Downing College, Cambridge: history, architecture and notable alumni Downing College, Cambridge Downing College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge, founded under the will of Sir George Downing and established in 1800. It is known for its Neoclassical arch…

Drake University — private university in Des Moines, Iowa Drake University Private, coeducational university in Des Moines offering undergraduate, graduate and professional programs including business, law, and pharmacy; known for the Drake Relays.

Drug cartel: organization, operations, history and impacts Drug cartel A drug cartel is an organized criminal group that produces, moves and sells illegal narcotics across regions. This article explains structures, routes, history, social effects and…

Dumbledore's Army — the student resistance group in the Harry Potter series Dumbledore's Army Dumbledore's Army (the D.A.) is a student-run group created to teach practical Defence Against the Dark Arts and to resist oppressive control at Hogwarts during the series.

Dying Fetus (American death metal band) Dying Fetus American technical death metal band formed in 1991 in Maryland; known for complex riffing, abrasive vocals, shifting lineups, and influential albums including Purification Through…

Earthquake Engineering Research Institute (EERI) Earthquake Engineering Research Institute A U.S.-based nonprofit technical society that advances earthquake engineering knowledge, publishes research, organizes reconnaissance and education programs, and supports code and…

EASIAM — East Asia Section of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics EASIAM EASIAM is the regional section of SIAM for East Asia, promoting research, education and collaboration in applied mathematics, numerical analysis, optimization and computational sci…

East Division (NHL, 1967–1974) East Division (NHL) The NHL East Division was one of two divisions formed after the 1967 expansion. It grouped the Original Six clubs from 1967 until a league-wide realignment in 1974.

East of England Ambulance Service NHS Trust East of England Ambulance Service Regional NHS ambulance trust serving Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire, Essex, Hertfordshire, Norfolk and Suffolk with emergency response, patient transport and community care.

East Stirlingshire F.C.: a Scottish club from the Falkirk area East Stirlingshire F.C. East Stirlingshire F.C., nicknamed "The Shire", is a Scottish association football club from the Falkirk area. Long-time Scottish League members until 2016, they now compete in the…

Eastern Caribbean Central Bank (ECCB) Eastern Caribbean Central Bank Regional central bank serving eight jurisdictions in the Eastern Caribbean; issues the East Caribbean dollar, oversees monetary policy, bank supervision, and regional financial sta…

ECAC Hockey — NCAA Division I college ice hockey conference ECAC Hockey ECAC Hockey is a Division I collegiate ice hockey conference in the Northeastern United States with 12 member institutions. It sponsors both men's and women's varsity programs and…

ECAC Lacrosse League ECAC Lacrosse A former NCAA Division I men's lacrosse conference (2000–2014) that gathered programs from multiple regions, experienced major realignment, and folded after conference shifts left…

Edsbyns IF Swedish multi-sport club from Edsbyn, established 1909. Best known for its bandy team — multiple Swedish men's championships and a leading role in modern indoor bandy in Sweden.

Educational Testing Service (ETS): Overview, History and Role in Assessment Educational Testing Service Educational Testing Service (ETS) is a US nonprofit organization that designs, administers and scores standardized assessments such as the TOEFL, TOEIC, GRE and Praxis for K–12, hi…

Agencia EFE: Spanish international news agency EFE Overview of Agencia EFE, a major Spanish news agency founded in 1939; its scope, history, operations, services and editorial role in global Spanish-language media.

Egyptian Islamic Jihad (al-Jihad) Egyptian Islamic Jihad Egyptian Islamic Jihad (al-Jihad) is a militant Islamist organization formed in the late 1970s that sought to overthrow the Egyptian state and later aligned with al‑Qaeda; it is in…

Einsatzgruppen (Nazi mobile killing units) Einsatzgruppen Einsatzgruppen were special SS and police detachments in Nazi Germany that carried out mass shootings and related atrocities in occupied territories; they were central to early sta…

ENAC Alumni (INGENAC) — alumni association of the French Civil Aviation University ENAC Alumni ENAC Alumni (INGENAC) is the alumni association of France's Civil Aviation University (ENAC), founded in 1987 in Toulouse. It connects graduates, promotes professional development…

ENAC Foundation (Fondation de l'École nationale de l'aviation civile) ENAC Foundation Founded in 2012, the ENAC Foundation supports research, education and public engagement in civil aviation, aerospace and aeronautics through grants, partnerships, scholarships and…

Encyclopædia Dramatica — satirical, controversial internet wiki Encyclopedia Dramatica A user-edited satirical wiki that parodies internet culture and current events; known for shock humour, offensive content, and a deliberately provocative tone.

English Defence League A street protest movement formed in England in 2009 opposing what it calls Islamism and Sharia; known for demonstrations, controversial tactics, and clashes with anti-fascist group…

Entertainment Software Rating Board (ESRB): Purpose, Ratings, and History Entertainment Software Rating Board The ESRB is a North American self-regulatory organization that assigns age and content ratings to video games and related entertainment software, providing guidance for consumers a…

Episcopal Diocese of Chicago The Episcopal Diocese of Chicago serves the Episcopal Church in Chicago and northern Illinois. It comprises congregations led from St. James Cathedral and oversees local worship, o…

Epistemic community A network of experts who share knowledge, beliefs and standards and who influence policy, practice and public understanding across science, professions and transnational governance…

Epitaph Records — independent punk and alternative label Epitaph Records Independent American record label founded by Brett Gurewitz, known for punk, hardcore and alternative releases and for launching influential bands in the 1990s and beyond.

ETA (Euskadi Ta Askatasuna): Basque separatist organization ETA (separatist group) Overview of ETA, the Basque separatist group: origins, goals, tactics, history of violence and ceasefire, political context, and legacy within Basque nationalism.

Euronext: Pan‑European Stock Exchange Group Euronext Euronext is a pan‑European stock exchange group operating regulated markets and indices across several European countries. It was formed in 2000 and later joined NYSE before becomi…

European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) European Aviation Safety Agency The EU agency responsible for civil aviation safety: rulemaking, certification, oversight and international coordination, based in Cologne, Germany.

European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) European Centre for Disease Prevention EU agency established in 2005 to identify, assess and communicate threats from infectious diseases across Europe; provides surveillance, scientific advice, training and support to…

European Coal and Steel Community: first supranational European organization European Coal and Steel Community The European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) was founded in 1951 to pool coal and steel production among six Western European countries, reduce war risk, and lay groundwork for lat…

European Defence League A loosely connected network of groups and activists modelled on the English Defence League, known for street protests and campaigning against what members describe as sharia law.

European Economic Community (EEC): origins, structure, and legacy European Economic Community The European Economic Community (EEC) was a regional organization created by the 1957 Treaty of Rome to establish a common market in Western Europe. It laid the institutional and p…

European Network for Accreditation of Engineering Education (ENAEE) European Network for Accreditation of Engineering Education ENAEE is a European network that authorises agencies to award the EUR-ACE label to engineering degree programmes, promoting comparable standards, mobility and quality assurance acr…

European Space Agency (ESA) European Space Agency Intergovernmental organisation that coordinates European civil space activities: science missions, Earth observation, human spaceflight, launchers and international cooperation.

European Union: history, institutions, and functions European Union Overview of the European Union (EU): its origins, core institutions, single market and eurozone, citizenship rights, treaties, membership and contemporary challenges.

European Union Youth Orchestra A pan-European ensemble for young musicians from EU member states, founded in 1978. The EUYO provides high-level training, touring experience, and collaborations with leading condu…

Exeter College, University of Oxford — Founded 1314; history, architecture, and notable alumni Exeter College, Oxford Exeter College, University of Oxford — founded 1314 — explores seven centuries of academic history, medieval and later college architecture, and notable alumni such as J. R. R. Tol…

EXO — South Korean boy band formed by S.M. Entertainment Exo EXO is a South Korean-Chinese boy band formed by S.M. Entertainment in 2011. Known for its dual-language subgroups, multi-million album sales and international chart presence, the…

Expressen (Swedish daily tabloid) Expressen Expressen is a national Swedish tabloid founded on 16 November 1944, known for bold reporting, a prominent wasp logo and coverage of news, politics, sport, culture and investigativ…