Geography

East River (New York City) East River A tidal strait in New York City connecting Upper New York Bay with Long Island Sound; separates Manhattan and the Bronx from Brooklyn and Queens and hosts major bridges, tunnels, f…

East Rockaway, New York A suburban village on Long Island's South Shore in Nassau County, East Rockaway is a residential community with commuter rail access, local schools, and waterfront areas. Populatio…

East Siberian Sea A shallow, remote marginal sea of the Arctic Ocean north of Siberia, characterized by long-lived sea ice, low salinity from large river discharge, sparse settlement and unique Arct…

East Sussex County in South East England with a varied coastline, chalk downland, seaside towns and parts of the South Downs National Park. Contains historic sites, transport links and mixed r…

East Timor (Timor-Leste): geography, history, society and international role East Timor An accessible overview of East Timor (Timor-Leste): location, geography, history of independence, government and international membership, society, economy and notable facts.

East Turkestan: Geography, Peoples, and Political Context of Xinjiang East Turkestan Overview of East Turkestan (Xinjiang): its geography, diverse peoples and Silk Road history, and the contemporary political, security, and human rights issues shaping the region wi…

East Turkestan independence movement A political and social movement seeking greater autonomy or independence for East Turkestan (Xinjiang), driven by ethnic, cultural, religious and historical factors and manifested…

East Tyrol (Osttirol) — geography, history and overview East Tyrol East Tyrol (Osttirol) is the southeastern, alpine part of the Austrian state of Tyrol. Separated from North Tyrol, it centres on Lienz and borders Italian regions and other Austria…

East-Central Kansas: Landscape, History, and Communities East-Central Kansas A concise overview of East-Central Kansas — its geography of rolling hills and river valleys, agricultural economy, 19th-century history, principal towns, and notable sites such as…

Eastern Armenia: region, dialect, and historical development Eastern Armenia Eastern Armenia describes the historic eastern portion of the Armenian homeland and the Eastern Armenian literary dialect; it covers geography, history, language, and modern import…

Eastern Cape, province of South Africa Eastern Cape Eastern Cape is a coastal and inland province of South Africa with diverse landscapes, Xhosa cultural heritage, the cities Bhisho, Port Elizabeth and East London, and a notable rol…

Eastern Development Region (Nepal) Eastern Development Region, Nepal Former administrative region of eastern Nepal (पूर्वाञ्चल विकास क्षेत्र) that included lowland plains, hill districts and the Everest area; headquarters at Dhankuta.

Eastern Division, Fiji Administrative division of Fiji encompassing eastern island groups including Lomaiviti, Lau, Kadavu and Rotuma. Capital Levuka on Ovalau; diverse island geography, cultures, and ma…

Eastern Europe: region, history, and contemporary definition Eastern Europe An overview of Eastern Europe covering geography, historical origins, modern definitions, the states commonly included, and cultural and political distinctions.

Eastern European Summer Time (EEST) Eastern European Summer Time Eastern European Summer Time (EEST) is the daylight saving time for UTC+3, used by several countries in eastern Europe, parts of North Africa and the Middle East during the warmer…

Eastern European Time (EET) Eastern European Time Eastern European Time (EET) is the time zone two hours ahead of UTC (UTC+2), used in parts of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East; many countries switch to EEST (UTC+3) in sum…

Eastern Ghats: geography, ecology and human significance Eastern Ghats An encyclopedic overview of the Eastern Ghats of India: their geography, geology, rivers, biodiversity, cultural connections and contemporary conservation challenges.

Eastern Hemisphere: definition, boundaries, regions, and significance Eastern hemisphere The Eastern Hemisphere is the half of Earth east of the Prime Meridian and west of the 180° meridian, encompassing Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia and Oceania and many cultural and…

Eastern Kurdistan (Iranian Kurdistan): geography, people, history and cultural life Eastern Kurdistan Eastern Kurdistan (Iranian Kurdistan) denotes the Kurdish-inhabited areas of Iran — a mountainous cultural region with distinct languages, history, and political significance withi…

Eastern Ontario: geography, history, communities and identity Eastern Ontario A concise overview of Eastern Ontario covering its geography, counties and cities, historical development, demographics and regional distinctions within southern Ontario.

Eastern Province (Zambia) Eastern Province, Zambia Eastern Province is an administrative region of Zambia with capital Chipata. It is known for the Luangwa valley, South Luangwa National Park, agriculture, and diverse Chewa and Nse…

Eastern Region (Austurland) — the Eastfjords of Iceland Eastern Region (Iceland) Geographic and cultural overview of Iceland’s Eastern Region (Austurland or Eastfjords), its towns, landscapes, transport links and economic activities, with notes on nature and lo…

Eastern Romance languages Group of Romance languages descended from Eastern Vulgar Latin, including Romanian and related Balkan varieties, with distinct grammar features and a history shaped by Romanization…

Eastern Samar (Philippines) Eastern Samar Eastern Samar is a coastal province in the Eastern Visayas region of the Philippines, known for its Waray culture, rugged coastline, historic sites and exposure to tropical cyclone…

Eastern Shore of Maryland The Eastern Shore of Maryland is the state's lowland region east of the Chesapeake Bay—part of the Delmarva Peninsula—known for agriculture, seafood, coastal tourism, and distinct…

Eastern Standard Time Eastern Standard Time (EST) denotes standard time offsets commonly used in eastern North America (UTC−05:00) and eastern Australia (UTC+10:00); the same label can refer to differen…

Eastern Time Zone (ET): overview, history and practical uses Eastern Time Zone Summary of the Eastern Time Zone: coverage, UTC offsets (EST/EDT), history, major cities, uses in finance and media, and how it differs from adjacent North American time zones.

Eastern Visayas (Region VIII), Philippines Eastern Visayas Eastern Visayas (Region VIII) is a Philippine administrative region centered on Tacloban. It comprises the islands of Samar, Leyte and Biliran and is known for its coastal landscap…

Eastlake, Ohio — Lakeside city in Lake County Eastlake, Ohio Eastlake is a lakeside city in Lake County, Ohio, United States. A residential and recreational community on Lake Erie, it forms part of the Greater Cleveland area with parks, mari…

Eastland County, Texas Rural county in central Texas with a small population, historic towns including Eastland, and an economy based on ranching, agriculture, oil and local services.

Eau Claire County, Wisconsin County in west-central Wisconsin with its seat at Eau Claire; named from French for “clear water,” it is a regional center for education, industry and outdoor recreation.

Ebbs, Tyrol: village on the Austrian–German border Ebbs Ebbs is a municipality in the Kufstein district of Tyrol, Austria, north of Kufstein at the Bavarian border. It is historically recorded from 788 and today relies largely on touris…

Ebersberg (district) Rural district in Upper Bavaria, Germany, east of Munich. Known for the Ebersberger Forst, small towns and commuter links to Munich, with mixed forestry, agriculture and local indu…

Ebro (Spain): river course, history, and ecological significance Ebro The Ebro is the longest river entirely within Spain. Overview of its course, tributaries, historical role, uses in irrigation and hydropower, and the environmental importance and p…

Échez — river in the Hautes-Pyrénées, southwestern France Échez The Échez is a left-bank tributary of the Adour in the Hautes-Pyrénées department of Occitanie, France, known for its role in local drainage, riparian habitats and small-scale huma…

Echigo Province: historical Japanese province in the area of modern Niigata Echigo Province Echigo Province was an old Japanese province on Honshū, largely corresponding to modern Niigata Prefecture. Known for its coastal plains, heavy snow, rice cultivation and role in m…

Echols County, Georgia — rural county profile Echols County, Georgia Echols County is a sparsely populated county in southern Georgia with its seat at Statenville. It is largely rural, with agriculture and forested landscapes, and had about 4,000 re…

Eckernförde: Baltic port town in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany Eckernförde Eckernförde is a coastal town in Schleswig-Holstein on the Baltic Sea, known for its harbour, naval presence, seaside tourism and a long history as a regional trading and fishing c…

Éclimeux — commune in Pas-de-Calais, northern France Éclimeux Éclimeux is a small rural commune in the Pas‑de‑Calais department of northern France, historically part of Nord‑Pas‑de‑Calais; typical local administration, agricultural landscape…

Economic regions of Azerbaijan Azerbaijan’s economic regions are territorial groupings used for planning and development, aligning geography, resources and infrastructure to support targeted economic policy and…

Ecozone (biogeographic realm) Ecozone An ecozone is the largest biogeographic division of Earth's land surface, defined by long-term evolutionary histories of plants and animals and separated by major geographic barrie…

Ecuador: geography, history, economy and notable facts Ecuador Concise guide to Ecuador — its regions, historical background from pre-Columbian and Spanish rule, economy (bananas, cocoa, oil), biodiversity, society and notable distinctions suc…

Eddy County, New Mexico Eddy County is a county in southeastern New Mexico whose county seat is Carlsbad. Known for Carlsbad Caverns, energy and potash production, it had 53,829 residents at the 2010 cens…

Eden District, Cumbria, England Eden District Eden was a large, sparsely populated district in Cumbria, England, centred on Penrith and Appleby-in-Westmorland, known for the River Eden, upland landscapes and parts of the Lake…

Edgefield County, South Carolina Rural county in western South Carolina centered on the town of Edgefield; known for Piedmont landscape, historic pottery, antebellum architecture and small-town communities.

Edgewood, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania Edgewood is a small residential borough in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, located just east of Pittsburgh. It is known for early 20th-century homes, a compact commercial strip, an…

Edmunds County, South Dakota A sparsely populated county in northeastern South Dakota, Edmunds County is an agricultural region with a small-seat government in Ipswich and a history dating to the 1870s.

Edwards Plateau A limestone plateau in west-central Texas characterized by karst terrain, the Edwards Aquifer, oak-and-grassland ecosystems, ranching and recreation; its eastern edge forms the Tex…