Lombok is an island in Indonesia located in the province of West Nusa Tenggara. It lies immediately east of Bali across the Lombok Strait. Population estimates vary by year; a commonly cited figure from 2005 is about 2.95 million. The city of Mataram is the island's administrative and commercial centre.

Geography and natural features

Lombok's landscape ranges from coastal plains and sandy beaches to rugged interior highlands. The island is dominated by Mount Rinjani, an active volcanic massif with a summit that rises to 3,726 m and includes the crater lake Segara Anak. The surrounding area is protected as part of Rinjani National Park. Offshore lie the small Gili Islands, famous for coral reefs, clear water and island resort culture.

People, culture and economy

The majority of the island's inhabitants are the Sasak people, whose language, traditional crafts and festivals give Lombok a distinct identity compared with nearby Bali. Agriculture — rice, tobacco, and smallholdings — remains important, while tourism and services have grown rapidly. Local handicrafts, weaving and pottery are notable cultural products sold in markets around Mataram and coastal towns.

Tourism, activities and transport

Lombok attracts visitors for beaches, surfing, diving and trekking. The Gili Islands are a primary draw for snorkeling and social nightlife; many operators offer trips to dive sites and coral gardens. Popular beaches and surf breaks near Kuta (Lombok) and Senggigi support a range of accommodations. Access is by air to Lombok International Airport, and by ferries or fast boats to Bali and nearby isles.

  • Mount Rinjani: trekking destination and volcanic landmark (Rinjani).
  • Gili Islands: snorkeling, diving and island hopping (Gili).
  • Beaches and surf: southern and western coasts with surf breaks and resorts.

Ecologically, Lombok sits near the Wallace Line, a biogeographic boundary that helps explain differences in flora and fauna between Bali and Lombok. Conservation efforts focus on protecting reef ecosystems around the Gilis and forests on Rinjani's slopes.

Recent events and notable facts

The island experienced destructive earthquakes in 2018: a July tremor and a larger August quake caused widespread damage and a tragic loss of life. Reports indicate the two events together killed nearly 270 people and prompted large-scale recovery work. Lombok continues rebuilding while maintaining its role as a major tourist destination in the Lesser Sunda Islands.

For further reading on demographics, travel logistics and natural features see regional references and travel guides (island overview, volcanic activity, July 2018 quake report).