Mathematics

Parallel projection

Parallelepiped

Parallelogram

Parameter

Parametric statistics

Parser

Parser (computer science)

Partial derivative

Partial derivative (multivariable calculus)

Partial differential equation

Parts per million

Parts per million (ppm): definition, conversions and applications

Pascal's simplex

Pascal's triangle

A triangular arrangement of numbers in which each entry is the sum of the two above. Encodes binomial coefficients, combinatorial counts, and many classical numeric patterns and id

Pattern

Pattern: concept, recognition, types and applications

Pattern matching

Pattern matching: concepts, techniques, and applications

Pentachoron

Pentachoron (4‑simplex) — the regular 5‑cell of four‑dimensional space

Pentacontagon

Pentadecagon

Pentagon

Pentagon: five-sided polygon — geometry, forms, and uses

Pentagram

A pentagram is a five-pointed star polygon with deep roots in geometry, religion, magic and art. This article explains its form, historical development, meanings and common distinc

Pentahedron

Pentomino

Pentomino: the five-square polyomino and its puzzles

Per mille

Percentage

Percentage (percent) — definition, calculation, and common uses

Percentile

Percentile (statistics) — definition, calculation, uses, and distinctions

Definition and explanation of percentiles: how they are computed, common methods, historical notes, uses in testing and growth charts, and differences from related measures.

Perfect

Perfect: meanings and uses across disciplines

Perfect number

Perimeter

Periodic function

A mathematical function that repeats values at regular intervals. Covers definition, fundamental period, examples (trigonometric, waves), key properties, history, and applications.

Permutation

Permutations — ordered arrangements, counting formulas, and common representations

Overview of permutations: ordered arrangements of distinct items, counting formulas (n!, multinomial), transpositions, cycle and list representations, and common examples in math,

Permutation box

Permutation box (P-box) in symmetric cryptography

Peter Montgomery (mathematician)

Phi

Phi (Φ φ): Greek letter — history, sounds, and uses

Pi

Pi (letter)

Pie chart

Pie chart: definition, uses, and interpretation

Piecewise

Piecewise functions

Pigeonhole principle

Pint

Pint (unit of volume)

A pint is a traditional unit of volume used in Imperial and United States customary systems. It has distinct imperial, US liquid and US dry definitions and is commonly used for bev

Pirc defence

Place value

Plane (mathematics)

Platonic solid

Plural

Pocket Cube

Pocket Cube (2x2 Rubik's Cube variant)

Poincaré conjecture

Point

Point (geometry)

Poisson distribution

Polar coordinate system

Polar coordinate system: definition, properties, and applications

A two-dimensional coordinate system using a distance from a central point and an angle from a reference direction; covers definitions, conversions, common curves, uses, and key pro