Mathematics

Erdős number

Errors and residuals in statistics

Statistical errors and residuals: definitions, properties and applications

An accessible overview of statistical errors and residuals: what they are, how they differ, common types and properties, example illustrations, and their role in modelling and diag

Estimation

Estimator

Estimator (statistics): definition, properties, methods and examples

Eta

Eta (Greek letter)

Euclid's Elements

Euclid's Elements: Structure, Influence, and Legacy

Euclid's lemma

Euclidean geometry

Euclidean space

Euclidean space — n-dimensional Cartesian geometry and its properties

Mathematical setting for classical geometry: the n-dimensional Cartesian space with points, vectors, distance, and inner product. Origins in Euclid and Cartesian coordinates; used

Euler characteristic

Euler–Mascheroni constant

A mathematical constant denoted γ that links harmonic numbers and the natural logarithm; appears in analysis, special functions and number theory with several integral and series r

Euler–Poisson–Darboux equation

Euler's formula

Euler's homogeneous function theorem

Euler's identity

Euler's identity (e^{iπ} + 1 = 0)

Euler's theorem

Euler's totient function

Euler's totient theorem

Euler's totient theorem (Fermat–Euler theorem)

Eulerian path

Eulerian path (graph theory)

Even number

Exabyte

Exabyte (EB) — unit of digital information

Exclusive disjunction

Existence quantifier

Existential quantifier: notation, semantics, and logical rules

Expected value

Expected value (mathematical expectation)

Exponent

Exponent: notation, rules, history, and applications

Exponential distribution

Continuous probability distribution on nonnegative reals with density f(x)=λ e^{-λx}. Models interarrival times in Poisson processes; memoryless property; mean 1/λ and variance 1/λ

Exponential function

Exponentiation

Exponentiation by squaring

Factor

False

Fathom

Fathom: definition, history, conversions and nautical use

February 30

February 30: history, calendar rules, and notable exceptions

Fermat number

Fermat's Last Theorem

Fermat's Last Theorem: statement, history, and the modern proof

A readable account of Fermat's Last Theorem: its simple statement, the centuries-long search for a proof, key ideas and contributors, and the role of modern number theory in its re

Fermat's little theorem

Fermat's primality test

Fibonacci number

Field (mathematics)

Figure-eight

Figure‑eight: shape, movement, and knots

Finite

Finite (definition and uses)

Finite set

Finite set (mathematics)

A finite set is a collection with a specific, limited number of elements. This article explains definitions, common characterizations, examples, historical context and why finite s

First order logic

First-order logic

First-move advantage

Fita

Fita — the Cyrillic letter Ѳ (historical glyph from Greek θ)

Five color theorem

Flattening

Flattening (oblateness) of a spheroid

Flattening (or oblateness) measures how much a rotating spheroid is squashed at the poles relative to its equator, important in geodesy, planetary science and mapping.

Flexagon

Flexagon: folded paper models that reveal hidden faces