Pnictogen
The 15th group of the periodic table contains the naturally occurring elements nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony and bismuth. The extremely unstable transuranium moscovium, which does not occur in nature and is the sixth element in the group, has already been artificially produced several times. Nitrogen and phosphorus are nonmetals, arsenic and antimony are semimetals, and bismuth is a metal.
The group is also called nitrogen group or nitrogen-phosphorus group after the first elements. The designation pentele (from gr. πέντε pente = five) is no longer recommended by IUPAC.
The names pnictogenes, pnicogenes, or picogenes, which are accepted by IUPAC but are not in common use, derive from the Greek word πνίγειν, meaning suffocation.
· The nitrogen group or pnictogenes
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Nitrogen in a discharge tube
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Boiling liquid nitrogen in a metal cup (-196 °C)
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Phosphorus in its modifications
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arsenic gray in crystalline form
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Antimony
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Bismuth with coloured tarnish
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Bismuth with oxide-free surface
