1st century BC The 1st century BC (100–1 BC) witnessed the end of the Roman Republic and rise of Augustus, Han dynasty consolidation, expanded Eurasian trade, calendar reform and notable cultural…
The 1st millennium (1–1000 AD): overview and historical significance 1st millennium The 1st millennium covers years 1–1000 AD, a formative era from the Roman world to early medieval societies, marked by political change, major religions' spread, long‑distance trad…
1st millennium BC A global survey of the 1st millennium BC: major civilizations, cultural and technological developments, chronology notes and lasting historical significance.
Year 2 (AD 2) 2 Overview of the year 2 (AD 2): its place in Roman dating, calendar details (Julian vs proleptic Gregorian), historical context under Augustus, and conventions of naming and chronol…
2 BC Overview of the year 2 BC: its placement in the Julian calendar, Roman consular naming, broader Eurasian context, and why this year matters to historical chronology.
AD 20 — a year in the 1st century 20 AD 20 was a leap year of the Julian calendar, known in Rome by the consulship of Marcus Valerius Messalla Barbatus and Cotta; it sits in the early Roman Empire under Tiberius and i…
20 BC — a year in the early Roman Empire 20 BC 20 BC, known to contemporaries as the Year of the Consulship of Appuleius and Nerva, is notable for Julian calendar uncertainties and its place in the Augustan period of Rome.
Year 200 (CC) — historical overview 200 Major developments around the year 200 CE: political events in Rome and China, cultural and religious trends, and how the year was reckoned in the Julian calendar.
200 BC Overview of the year 200 BC: geopolitical events across the Mediterranean, Hellenistic kingdoms, India and China, cultural trends, and how the pre-Julian Roman calendar recorded th…
Year 2000 (Common Era) 2000 Overview of the year 2000: calendar details, cultural and technological significance, major global events, and the debate over the start of the new millennium.
2006 (MMVI) — overview of the year 2006 Summary of the calendar year 2006: calendar facts, Chinese Year of the Dog, major political events, scientific decisions, cultural and sporting highlights, and notable technologica…
2010s (decade 2010–2019) 2010s The 2010s was a decade of rapid digital transformation, major social movements, notable geopolitical events, advances in science and technology, expanding streaming culture, and gr…
2011: concise overview of the year 2011 Summary of 2011: calendar facts, major global events, scientific and cultural highlights, international observances, and legacy of the year.
2013: overview, major events and significance 2013 A concise encyclopedia overview of the year 2013: calendar facts, major global events, political and cultural developments, and notable distinctions from that year.
2017: Overview of the year 2017 Comprehensive overview of 2017: calendar designation, major global events, political and cultural developments, natural disasters, scientific highlights, and notable trends that sh…
203 (CCIII) — Year of the Julian calendar 203 Year 203 (CCIII) in the Julian calendar. Overview of how the year was dated, political context in the Roman Empire and late Han China, cultural notes, and historical significance.
Year 209 (AD 209) 209 A summary of the year 209 (CCIX), its calendar position, major political and military events in the Roman Empire and China, and its historical context.
20th Century: A Survey of Major Changes, Innovations, and Global Transformations 20th century A concise overview of the 20th century (1901–2000): its major political events, technological and scientific advances, social changes, and lasting global impacts.
AD 21 (21 CE) — a year in the 1st century 21 AD 21 was a year in the early Roman Empire, dated by Roman consuls and recorded in the Julian calendar. This article explains its dating systems, political context, and how histori…
Year 218 (CCXVIII) 218 A year marked by a forceful change of Roman emperors—Macrinus overthrown and Elagabalus proclaimed—while other regions experienced continued political fragmentation in the late anc…
21st century (2001–2100) 21st century The current century, beginning 1 January 2001 and ending 31 December 2100, defined by rapid digital change, globalization, environmental challenges, and shifting geopolitical and c…
21st century BC (c. 2100–2001 BC) 21st century BC A survey of the political, cultural, and technological developments around 2100–2001 BC, covering Mesopotamia, Egypt, the Indus region, early China, trade, and the century's long-t…
Year 226 (CCXXVI) 226 A summary of the year 226 CE: calendar placement, major political shifts including the consolidation of the Sassanid dynasty, developments in China during the Three Kingdoms, and n…
22nd century (2101–2200) 22nd century The 22nd century spans January 1, 2101 to December 31, 2200. Overview of its definition, calendrical origin, anticipated trends, cultural portrayals, and how it differs from previo…
23 BC An overview of the year 23 BC: calendar conventions, the Roman consular designation of Augustus and Varro, political developments that shaped the early Principate, and chronologica…
Year 238 (AD): The Year of the Six Emperors 238 238 AD, a pivotal year of the Roman Empire marked by rapid imperial turnover, civil conflict between army and Senate, and the elevation of the young Gordian III during the Crisis o…
Year 239 (CCXXXIX) 239 Year 239 (CCXXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. Notable events include rulership changes in the Chinese Three Kingdoms and continued Roman imperial…
Year 24 (AD 24) 24 AD 24 was a leap year of the Julian calendar, known in Rome as the Year of the Consulship of Cethegus and Varro. It sits early in the 1st century amid ongoing political adjustments…
Year 240 (CCXL) — overview of a mid-3rd century year 240 Summary of the year 240 (CCXL): calendar placement, political context across the Roman and Sasanian empires and East Asia, and its place in the wider Crisis of the Third Century.
Year 241 (AD) 241 An overview of the year 241 (CCXLI AD): its place in the Julian calendar, broad historical context during the Roman and Sassanid realms, dating systems and surviving records.
AD 25 25 AD 25 was a common year of the 1st century marked by Roman consular dating and the rise of Emperor Guangwu, who restored the Han dynasty in China, beginning the Eastern Han period.
Year 250 (CCL): Calendar, context and significance 250 Overview of the year 250 (CCL): calendar placement, geopolitical and cultural context in the mid-3rd century, religious developments, and the year's legacy for chronology and schol…
Year 251 (AD) 251 Overview of the year 251 AD: calendar placement, major political and military events in the Roman Empire and China, notable deaths, the mid-3rd century crisis and its wider effects…
Year 253 (CCLIII): Entrenchment of the Crisis of the Third Century 253 A survey of the year 253 AD (CCLIII): political upheaval in the Roman Empire, wider Late Antique context, calendar dating, and the year’s significance in the third-century crises.
Year 254 (CCLIV) — a mid‑3rd century common year 254 Year 254 (CCLIV) was a common year in the Julian calendar during the Roman Empire's mid‑3rd century crisis. This article summarizes its chronological context, calendars, and broad…
25th century BC The period from 2500 to 2401 BCE, during the later Early Bronze Age when urban states, monumental architecture, and long‑distance trade shaped Egypt, Mesopotamia, the Indus Valley…
AD 26 (26): a year in the 1st century 26 AD 26 was a common year of the Julian calendar, known in Rome by the consulship of Lentulus and Sabinus. This article explains its calendar placement, political context, and wider…
26 BC: Roman consular year and its chronological context 26 BC A concise overview of 26 BC — calendar uncertainties in the early Julian system, Roman consular naming (Augustus and Taurus), and the year’s historical context and significance.
Year 260 (CCLX) — Key events of the Roman Empire and wider context 260 Overview of the year 260 (CCLX): a leap year in the Julian calendar marked by the capture of Emperor Valerian, the rise of Postumus in Gaul, Persian conflicts, and developments dur…
Year 264 (CCLXIV) — a brief historical overview 264 Summary of the year 264 (CCLXIV): calendar facts, broad historical context across the Roman Empire, China and religion, and why few individual events are firmly recorded for this y…
Year 270 (AD): key events and historical context 270 Overview of the year 270 (CCLXX): major political changes in the Roman world, developments in the East, social pressures of the third-century crisis, and notable leaders and outcom…
Year 276 (CCLXXVI AD) 276 Year 276 (CCLXXVI) was a leap year of the Julian calendar. It featured rapid imperial change in Rome—Tacitus's death, Florianus's brief reign, and Probus's rise—and occurred during…
Year 283 (CCLXXXIII) 283 Overview of the year 283 CE: chronological placement, major events in the Roman Empire and beyond, notable figures, and historical context within the late third century.
Year 284 (AD 284) 284 A leap year of the late Roman Empire. Marked by the death of Emperor Numerian and the elevation of Diocletian, the year initiated a political turning point with long-term administr…
Year 29 (AD 29) 29 AD 29 was a year in the 1st century marked by Roman consular dating. This article explains its calendar placement, Roman administrative context, broader global setting, and why few…
29 BC — Year of Octavian's Consulship and Roman Transition 29 BC A summary of the year 29 BC: calendar uncertainties, the consulship of Octavian and Appuleius, Octavian's celebrated triumphs, and the year's place in Rome's shift from Republic to…
297 BC A summary of the year 297 BC, covering its place in ancient chronologies and major developments in the Roman Republic, the Hellenistic world, and other regions.
2nd century (101–200 AD) 2nd century A survey of the 2nd century (101–200 AD): major empires, cultural and technological advances, key events and figures, and the century's lasting historical significance.
