Overview
The Rhaetian Railway, commonly abbreviated RhB, is a Swiss mountain railway company serving the canton of Graubünden. Headquartered in Chur, it operates an extensive metre‑gauge, mainly electrified network that combines everyday local transport with world‑famous panoramic services. Local names include German Rhätische Bahn, French Chemins de fer rhétiques, Italian Ferrovia Retica and Romansh Viafier Retica.
Network and equipment
The RhB runs on metre‑gauge track and is predominantly electrified, forming an important component of regional rail transport. Its red trains include commuter units, freight wagons and special panoramic coaches designed for visitors. Steep gradients, tight curves and a mix of tunnels and viaducts characterize the infrastructure, which requires purpose‑built rolling stock and careful timetable planning.
History and development
The system developed from a collection of local mountain lines built from the late 19th century to link remote valleys with market towns. Over time those lines were integrated, modernized and electrified to improve safety and year‑round operation. Investment in bridges, tunnels and stations has preserved old alignments while adapting them to contemporary needs.
Services and significance
RhB provides daily passenger and freight services, balancing commuter runs with tourism‑oriented trains. It cooperates with other operators on long‑distance scenic connections such as the Glacier and Bernina Expresses, attracting international visitors. The Albula and Bernina lines are recognized for their outstanding engineering and landscape value and form a UNESCO World Heritage ensemble.
Major routes and notable structures
- Albula line — renowned for tunnels and the dramatic Landwasser Viaduct.
- Bernina line — links high alpine passes with lowland valleys and is famous for dramatic sights.
- Local branches — serve towns such as Davos, St. Moritz and the Engadin valley.
Today the Rhaetian Railway is valued both as a vital regional transport provider and as a model of mountain railway engineering. Its combination of practical services and scenic offerings helps sustain the economy and tourism of Graubünden while preserving a distinctive heritage of alpine railways. For more technical or historical detail see general references on Swiss railways and regional transport authorities: company information.