Vlieland is an island and municipality of the province of Friesland, the Netherlands. In 2016 the municipality had about 1,100 people. The municipality covers an area of 316 km², the island an area of 36 km².
Vlieland makes part of the West Frisian Islands (Dutch: Waddeneilanden).
It lies southwest of the island of Terschelling and northeast of the island of Texel.