Chemical Elements

Antimony (Sb): properties, history, and uses Antimony A concise overview of antimony (Sb): its identity, physical and chemical properties, natural occurrence, historical uses, modern applications and safety considerations.

Atom: the basic unit of matter Atom An atom is the smallest unit of a chemical element that retains its properties. This article explains atomic structure, size, isotopes, bonding, historical development, and practic…

Beryllium: Physical Properties, Industrial Uses, and Safety Considerations Beryllium Beryllium: Explore the element's physical properties, alloy and aerospace uses, role in gemstones like beryl, and essential safety, exposure risks, and handling precautions for ind…

Calcium — properties, uses, and biological significance Calcium Calcium (Ca, atomic number 20) is an alkaline earth metal essential in geology, industry, and biology; important for bones, signaling, cement, and common as carbonate and oxide com…

Chemical element A chemical element is a pure substance whose atoms share the same number of protons; elements form the periodic table and are the basic building blocks of matter and materials.

Chemical substance: definition, properties, examples and distinctions Chemical substance An overview of chemical substances: what they are, how composition and purity define them, their physical states, common examples, uses, and how they differ from mixtures and eleme…

Heavy metals: definitions, properties, uses and environmental impact Heavy metals Heavy metals are dense metallic elements or their compounds. This article explains definitions, physical and chemical properties, common examples, uses, environmental and health co…

Oxygen (element O) Oxygen Oxygen (O, atomic number 8) is a reactive nonmetal essential for respiration, a major part of Earth's crust and atmosphere, and widely used in industry, medicine, and propulsion.

Rare earth element (REE): overview, properties, uses and supply Rare earth element Comprehensive overview of rare earth elements: classification, chemical properties, history, uses in technology and clean energy, geological distribution, supply chains, and enviro…