Hungarian Wikipedia Hungarian-language edition of Wikipedia, started in July 2003; a large community-run online encyclopedia covering Hungary-related and general topics in Hungarian.
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP): overview, operation, and versions Hypertext Transfer Protocol HTTP is the application-layer protocol for transferring web resources. This article explains its core concepts, common methods, history, major versions, security (HTTPS), and typic…
I2P (Invisible Internet Project): overview, architecture, uses and distinctions I2P I2P is a volunteer-built pseudonymous overlay network for private communication. It uses layered routing, internal services (eepsites), and application proxies to support anonymous…
Icelandic Wikipedia (Wikipedia á íslensku) Icelandic Wikipedia The Icelandic-language edition of Wikipedia, launched in December 2003. A volunteer-driven encyclopedia with over 50,000 articles that supports Icelandic language and culture onlin…
IGN — video game and entertainment website IGN IGN is a long-running video game and entertainment portal (launched 2000) offering news, reviews, walkthroughs, videos, community forums and platform coverage across consoles, PC a…
ILOVEYOU (computer worm) ILOVEYOU ILOVEYOU was a mass-mailing worm in May 2000 that propagated through email attachments, infecting millions and prompting major changes in email, OS defaults, and computer-crime law…
Indonesian Wikipedia (Bahasa Indonesia edition) Indonesian Wikipedia The Indonesian-language edition of Wikipedia, launched in May 2003. A volunteer-maintained encyclopedia in Bahasa Indonesia covering general topics, culture, history, and local kno…
Infobot — a Perl IRC knowledge and URL-recall bot Infobot Infobot is an early Perl-based IRC bot (1995) that stored short factoids and URLs for recall on demand. It inspired many forks and remains an important example of simple, rule-base…
Information leakage: causes, channels, and prevention Information leakage Overview of information leakage, its common channels (insider threats, hacking, misconfiguration), impacts, and practical prevention measures including technical and administrative…
Instagram — photo and video social network and platform Instagram Instagram is a social media service for sharing photos, videos and short-form content. Launched in 2010, it evolved from filtered square photos to a multi-format platform used by i…
Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP): routing inside an autonomous system Interior gateway protocol An interior gateway protocol (IGP) routes traffic among routers inside a single autonomous system. Covers types, examples (RIP, OSPF, IS-IS, EIGRP), design trade-offs, history and…
Internet: global packet network and its origins, structure, and uses Internet An accessible overview of the Internet: what it is, how it is structured, its history, common services and uses, and contemporary issues such as access, funding, and censorship.
Internet Archive Nonprofit digital library and preservation project founded in 1996 that collects web pages, books, audio, video, software and other cultural artifacts to provide long-term public a…
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) Internet Assigned Numbers Authority IANA coordinates critical global Internet identifiers: DNS root management, IP address allocations, protocol registries and other numeric or symbolic constants. It operates within…
Internet café A public venue offering paid Internet access alongside food and drink; used for browsing, gaming, study, and communication. Covers services, history, security risks, variants, and…
Internet censorship: forms, techniques, history, and impacts Internet censorship Overview of internet censorship: definitions, technical methods, legal and political motives, regional patterns, effects on society, and common circumvention responses.
Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) Internet Engineering Task Force The IETF is an open international community that develops and promotes voluntary Internet standards and protocols through working groups, RFCs, and consensus-based processes.
Internet Explorer: history, design, decline, and legacy Internet Explorer Overview of Microsoft Internet Explorer: its origins, architecture, rise to dominance, decline, legacy compatibility, and notable technical and legal aspects.
Internet Forum: Structure, History, and Community Dynamics Internet forum An internet forum is an online platform for organized, topic-based discussion. This article explains its structure, history, moderation, common uses, and how forums differ from oth…
Internet fraud: types, history, impacts and prevention Internet fraud Overview of internet fraud: common types of online scams, how they work, historical development, social and economic impacts, and practical steps to reduce risk.
Internet Key Exchange (IKE): protocol for establishing IPsec security associations Internet Key Exchange Internet Key Exchange (IKE) is the protocol used to negotiate and establish cryptographic keys and security associations for IPsec VPNs, using Diffie–Hellman, certificates or pre-s…
Internet leak Unintended public disclosure of digital content or personal data online, including early releases of media, hacked files, or misconfigured servers; covers causes, impacts, and prev…
Internet meme Digital cultural unit—image, video, phrase or behavior—spread and adapted online. Memes propagate through copying and remixing across platforms and shape humor, identity, marketing…
Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) Internet Message Access Protocol IMAP is an application-layer protocol that lets email clients access and manipulate messages on a mail server, supporting folder management, message state synchronization, partial…
Internet of Things (IoT): Overview, Components, History and Uses Internet of things A concise, neutral overview of the Internet of Things: its definition, key parts, history, common applications, technical foundations, and major challenges including security and p…
Internet Protocol (IP) Internet Protocol The Internet Protocol (IP) is a core, connectionless packet‑switching protocol that provides addressing and routing for data across networks and underpins the modern Internet.
Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) Internet protocol suite The Internet protocol suite, commonly called TCP/IP, is the layered set of standardized rules that enable devices to communicate across the Internet, covering addressing, routing,…
Internet Relay Chat (IRC): a concise guide Internet Relay Chat Internet Relay Chat (IRC) is a longstanding, text-based protocol for real-time group and private conversation across networks of servers. This article explains how it works, its hi…
Internet Relay Chat operator A user account with elevated privileges on an IRC server or network, responsible for technical administration, enforcing policies, and assisting with network stability and abuse mi…
Internet Relay Chat channel takeover Internet Relay Chat takeover When an unauthorized user gains operator control of an IRC channel by exploiting technical glitches, bot weaknesses, or stolen credentials; explains methods, history, prevention, a…
Internet service provider (ISP) Internet service provider An internet service provider (ISP) supplies and manages network access for homes and organizations, offers related services, and connects customers to the broader internet through…
Internet slang: origins, types, functions, and notable examples Internet slang Overview of internet slang: definitions, history, common forms, social functions, variation and study, with examples and resource links for further reading.
Internet Watch Foundation UK-based organisation that accepts public reports of harmful online content, focuses on child sexual abuse imagery and related criminal material, and works with industry and law en…
Intranet: Private Organizational Networks — Structure, Uses, and Issues Intranet A private, internal network used by organizations to share information and services securely. Explains structure, history, common uses, security practices, and distinctions from th…
IP address (Internet Protocol address) IP address Numeric label assigned to devices on a network to enable addressing and routing; includes formats (IPv4, IPv6), assignment methods, uses, and privacy/security considerations.
IPsec (Internet Protocol Security): Overview, Components, and Uses IPsec IPsec is a suite of protocols that secures IP communications through authentication, integrity and optional encryption. It operates at the Internet Layer and is commonly used for V…
Irish Wikipedia (Vicipéid na Gaeilge) Irish Wikipedia The Irish-language edition of Wikipedia, started in October 2003 as Vicipéid na Gaeilge. A community-run encyclopedia in Irish covering topics, standards, and the language's digita…
Irssi — terminal-based IRC client Irssi Irssi is a text-mode IRC client originally developed for Unix-like systems, noted for its modular design, scripting support, and common use on remote servers and in terminal multip…
IS-IS (Intermediate System to Intermediate System): Scalable Link-State Routing Protocol IS-IS IS-IS (Intermediate System to Intermediate System) is a scalable link-state routing protocol for large enterprise and carrier networks, providing shortest-path routing, two-level h…
Italian Wikipedia (Wikipedia in Italiano) Italian Wikipedia The Italian-language edition of Wikipedia, launched in January 2002. A community‑edited, free encyclopedia in Italian with more than 1.7 million articles and a wide range of editor…
Japanese Wikipedia The Japanese-language edition of Wikipedia, launched in September 2002. A volunteer-built, free online encyclopedia in Japanese notable for its community, article scope, and histor…
Javanese Wikipedia (Basa Jawa) Javanese Wikipedia The Javanese-language edition of Wikipedia, created in March 2004, providing encyclopedic content in Javanese and supporting both Latin and traditional Javanese script (Aksara Jawa…
JavaScript: Overview, Characteristics, History, and Common Uses JavaScript JavaScript is a high-level, dynamic programming language standardized as ECMAScript. Widely used for interactive websites, server-side development, and applications, it emphasizes…
JavaServer Pages (JSP): overview, features, lifecycle and uses JavaServer Pages JavaServer Pages (JSP) is a Java-based server-side technology for building dynamic web pages. This article explains its purpose, core concepts, history, lifecycle, common uses and…
Jewish Virtual Library A comprehensive online encyclopedia and resource center on Jewish history, Israel, culture, and related topics, published by the American‑Israeli Cooperative Enterprise (AICE).
K-line (IRC server ban) K-line A K-line is a server-level ban used on Internet Relay Chat (IRC) to block a user or host from connecting to a particular server. Covers purpose, operation, types, and related bans.
Kazakh Wikipedia The Kazakh-language edition of Wikipedia, launched in June 2002, serving Kazakh speakers with articles, community projects, and multimedia; notable for its growth, script diversity…
Keyboard Cat (internet meme): origin, spread, and cultural impact Keyboard Cat Keyboard Cat is a viral video meme featuring a cat 'playing' a keyboard. Originating from a 1984 home video by Charlie Schmidt, it became a widely used punchline and template for r…
