Rabbi Shmuel Auerbach (Hebrew: שמואל אורבך רב) (September 21, 1931 – February 24, 2018) was a Haredi rabbi. He was born in Jerusalem, Israel. He was thought as a leading non-Hasidic Lithuanian posek (halachic authority) for many Haredi Jews in Israel.
Rabbi Auerbach was the rosh yeshiva of Yeshivas Maalot HaTorah and the Nasi (president) of Yeshivas Midrash Shmuel and Yeshivas Toras Simcha, both in Jerusalem. For a short time, he also served as one of the roshei yeshiva of Yeshivas Itri in Jerusalem.
Rabbi Auerbach died in Jerusalem on February 24, 2018 of heart disease at the age of 86.