United States quarter (quarter dollar coin)

Design and characteristics

Modern quarters typically have a reeded edge and show a portrait on the obverse and a variety of motifs on the reverse. The obverse has featured George Washington since 1932; earlier types include Draped Bust, Capped Bust, Seated Liberty and Barber designs. The coin is roughly the size and weight of a small silver coin, and contemporary pieces are made from copper-nickel clad rather than solid silver.

Composition and changes

Through mid‑20th century issues the quarter was struck in 90% silver. In 1965 the composition changed to a copper core with outer layers of cupronickel to conserve silver. Special collector and commemorative issues have occasionally used different metals or finishes.

Major series and programs

• Early classical types (18th–19th centuries) with changing portraits and reverse motifs.
• Washington quarter (introduced 1932) — main circulation type for decades.
• 50 State Quarters (1999–2008) and related programs that issued unique state and national park reverses, raising public interest.

Circulation and uses

Quarters are widely used in everyday transactions, vending machines, parking meters and coin-operated devices. They form a basic unit of small-value cash payments in the U.S. and often appear in rolls and bank provisions.

Collecting and notable facts

Collectors value quarters for their historical varieties, proof issues, mint marks and occasional error coins. Major points of interest include silver pre‑1965 examples, low‑mintage or proof issues from specific mints, and special commemorative series. Mint marks commonly include P, D and S, and occasional issues bear other mint identifiers for collector sets.

For more detailed information about specific designs or minting years consult specialist catalogs and mint publications.