Overview
The mourning collared dove (Streptopelia decipiens) is a medium-sized bird in the pigeon and dove family. It is often associated with watercourses and wetlands across parts of Africa, particularly regions south of the Sahara. As a member of the genus Streptopelia it shares general form and habits with other turtledoves and collared doves, yet retains distinctive markings that make it relatively easy to recognize in the field; see general pigeon references for family context.
Identification and appearance
Adult mourning collared doves typically show muted brownish and grey tones with paler underparts and a narrow dark collar on the nape edged with lighter feathers. The collar gives the species its common name. Plumage can vary slightly across its range, but the overall shape, posture and subtle coloration are characteristic. The voice is a soft series of coos, less plaintive than the North American birds that share the word "mourning" in their common name.
Habitat and distribution
This species favors open habitats with nearby water: riverine woodland, floodplains, savanna with bushes and agricultural edges. It is generally found throughout suitable parts of sub-Saharan Africa and is most commonly observed where standing or flowing water provides feeding sites and nesting vegetation.
Behavior, diet and breeding
Mourning collared doves feed mainly on seeds, grains and occasionally small invertebrates, foraging on the ground or among low vegetation. They are frequently seen in pairs or small groups. Breeding involves a simple stick platform nest placed in trees or shrubs; like many doves they produce a small clutch and both parents take part in incubation and feeding the young.
Similar species and notable distinctions
Despite a common name that resembles the North American mourning dove, the mourning collared dove is not a close relative of Zenaida macroura and belongs to a different Old World lineage. Birdwatchers should note differences in collar pattern, proportions and habitat when separating similar Streptopelia species. For species-specific accounts and taxonomy see this species overview.
Overall, the mourning collared dove is an adaptable, water-associated member of African avifauna whose quiet presence is typical of many turtledoves and collared doves across the Old World.