Edirne

This article is about the city. For the province, see Edirne (province); for the Turkish painter and draughtsman, see Ertugrul Edirne.

Template:Infobox Place in Turkey/Maintenance/County

Edirne, formerly Adrianople (Bulgarian Одрин Odrin, Modern Greek Αδριανούπολις Adrianoúpolis), is the westernmost major city in Turkey, with a population of just under 170,000. It is located in the Bulgarian-Greek-Turkish border triangle, in Eastern Thrace, the European part of Turkey. At the same time, it is also the center of the central county (Merkez). The former capital of the Ottoman Empire is now the administrative center of the province of the same name. In its history it bore the names Odrysai (Thracian), Orestia (ancient Greek) and Hadrianopolis (Latin, city of Hadrian).

In Edirne, the Sultans of the Ottoman Empire made peace three times, in 1568 with the Holy Roman Empire and in 1713 and 1829 with the Russian Empire.

Geography

Location

Edirne is located about 220 km west of Istanbul near the border triangle of Bulgaria, Greece and Turkey on the north bank of the Turkish-Bulgarian-Greek border river Meriç (Greek Evros, Bulgarian Mariza). The tributary Tunca (Greek Tonzos, Bulgarian Tundscha) reaches Edirne from the north, encompasses the western half of the city centre in a large arc with its wide flood bed, and flows into the Meriç Nehri south of the centre. The city has therefore hardly expanded to the west, but mainly to the southeast. The city lies in the fertile Thracian lowlands.

County

The central county (Merkez) of Edirne borders Lalapaşa County to the northeast, Süloğlu and Havsa Counties to the east, and Uzunköprü County to the south. The county shares a border with Bulgaria to the north and Greece to the west.

With an area of 844 km² it ranks third in the province, it is the most populous county with 180,901 inhabitants and with 214 inhabitants per square kilometre it also has the highest population density (provincial average: 66 inhabitants per km²). In addition to the county seat, the county consists of 37 villages (Köy) with an average of 330 inhabitants. Tayakadın, with 1537 inhabitants, is both the most populous and the only village with more than 1000 inhabitants.

Climate

Edirne (51 m)

Climate diagram

J

F

M

A

M

J

J

A

S

O

N

D

 

 

66

 

7

0

 

 

53

 

10

1

 

 

53

 

14

4

 

 

44

 

20

7

 

 

58

 

26

12

 

 

46

 

30

16

 

 

40

 

33

18

 

 

24

 

33

18

 

 

39

 

28

14

 

 

66

 

21

10

 

 

66

 

14

5

 

 

71

 

8

1

Temperature in °C, precipitation in mm

Source: MGM, normal period 1991-2020; wetterkontor.de (humidity)

 

Monthly average temperatures and precipitation for Edirne (51 m)

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Max. Temperature (°C)

7,1

10,2

14,3

19,8

25,5

30,1

32,7

33,1

27,9

21,0

14,4

8,4

Ø

20,4

Min. temperature (°C)

−0,4

0,7

3,5

7,3

12,1

16,1

18,2

18,3

14,2

9,9

5,4

1,2

Ø

8,9

Temperature (°C)

2,8

4,8

8,3

13,2

18,5

22,9

25,3

25,4

20,6

14,8

9,3

4,4

Ø

14,2

Precipitation (mm)

65,8

53,3

52,8

44,0

57,5

46,0

39,6

24,0

39,2

66,1

66,4

70,5

625,2

Sunshine hours (h/d)

2,2

3,5

4,2

5,7

7,4

8,5

9,3

9,0

6,6

4,4

2,9

1,9

Ø

5,5

Rainy days (d)

10,50

9,57

11,57

11,23

11,70

9,90

6,47

4,57

6,40

8,90

10,00

11,47

112,28

Humidity (%)

82

77

73

68

68

64

57

57

63

73

81

83

Ø

70,5


Temperature

7,1

−0,4

10,2

0,7

14,3

3,5

19,8

7,3

25,5

12,1

30,1

16,1

32,7

18,2

33,1

18,3

27,9

14,2

21,0

9,9

14,4

5,4

8,4

1,2

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

 


Precipitation

65,8

53,3

52,8

44,0

57,5

46,0

39,6

24,0

39,2

66,1

66,4

70,5

 

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Source: MGM, normal period 1991-2020; wetterkontor.de (humidity)

Population

Population development

As a result of the constant changes of rulers, the population of the city is composed of Turks, Greeks, Armenians, Israelites, Jews and smaller nationalities. - The following table shows the comparative year-end population figures for the province, the central county and the city of Edirne, as well as their respective shares in the higher administrative level. The figures refer to the address-based population register (ADNKS) introduced in 2007.

Year

Province

County

City

real

%

real

%

real

2020

407.763

44,36

180.901

93,24

168.680

2019

413.903

44,80

185.408

93,20

172.802

2018

411.528

43,82

180.327

92,86

167.443

2017

406.855

43,97

178.910

93,06

166.494

2016

401.701

43,08

173.037

92,60

160.233

2015

402.537

42,58

171.386

92,40

158.369

2014

400.280

41,47

165.979

91,96

152.628

2013

398.582

41,16

164.048

91,60

150.260

2012

399.708

40,57

162.161

91,56

148.474

2011

399.316

39,80

158.929

90,94

144.531

2010

390.428

39,19

152.993

90,72

138.793

2009

395.463

39,49

156.155

90,66

141.570

2008

394.644

38,82

153.199

90,22

138.222

2007

396.462

38,02

150.717

90,28

136.070




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