Copenhagen Metro

Lines and layout

The network began with two intersecting lines that linked the city centre with developing suburbs. Over time it has grown to include a circular line around the central area and branch lines to new harbour and residential districts. Trains operate on segregated tracks with stations designed for step-free access and rapid boarding.

• M1 / M2: Early backbone lines providing suburban connections and links to the city core.
• M3 (Cityringen): A circular line that encircles central Copenhagen and improves cross-city journeys without changing trains.
• M4: An extending branch designed to serve harbour developments and to connect new neighbourhoods to the metro network.

Characteristics and operations

The Copenhagen Metro is notable for its driverless trains and high frequency service, with many stations fully underground. Vehicles are automated for consistent headways and operate throughout much of the day. Stations are equipped with clear signage, accessibility features and connections for bicycles and buses, reflecting Copenhagen's multi‑modal transport approach.

History and development

Construction began in the late 1990s and the first segments opened to passengers in the early 2000s. The initial network was followed by a major expansion that added a circular city line and several new stations to better serve growing residential and commercial areas. The system has been rolled out in phases to align with urban planning and harbour redevelopment projects.

Uses, ridership and integration

The metro carries millions of journeys annually and plays a central role in commuting, leisure travel and access to key city hubs. Ticketing is integrated with the regional public transport system, so passengers can transfer between metro, S-train, regional trains and buses using common fare products and cards. For planning and passenger information see ridership figures and reports and the stations map.

Notable facts and future outlook

As a fully automated system, the Copenhagen Metro often serves as an example in urban transit discussions for combining frequent service with compact station spacing in dense city areas. Continued development focuses on extending reach to newly developed harbour and suburban areas and improving capacity to match demand as the metropolitan region grows.