Leeward Islands (Society Islands, French Polynesia)

Principal islands and geography

Main islands commonly identified with the Leeward group include:

• Bora Bora
• Raiatea
• Taha'a
• Huahine
• Maupiti

These islands are volcanic in origin and surrounded in many places by barrier reefs that form protected lagoons. Transport between islands is typically by small aircraft, ferries and private boats; several islands have regional airports.

History and cultural significance

The Leeward Islands were settled centuries ago by Polynesian navigators who established complex social, religious and voyaging traditions. European contact began in the 18th century; later the islands became linked administratively to France as part of what is now the overseas collectivity of French Polynesia. Raiatea, in particular, is regarded as a cultural and religious center: its Taputapuātea marae is recognized for its importance in Polynesian history.

Economy, environment and uses

Local economies combine tourism, small-scale agriculture, fishing and artisan crafts. Some islands are noted for specialty products: for example, communal cultivation of vanilla and black pearls occurs in sheltered lagoons. Coral reefs and endemic species make the Leeward Islands important for biodiversity, but they face pressures from invasive species, coastal development and climate-related threats such as sea-level rise and coral bleaching.

Notable distinctions and travel

The name "Leeward Islands" here refers specifically to part of the Society Islands; it should not be confused with other regions of the same name elsewhere in the world. For general information about the wider archipelago see the Society Islands entry and for context on the political territory consult resources on French Polynesia. The group remains a popular destination for visitors seeking lagoons, reef diving, cultural heritage and quieter alternatives to Tahiti and Moorea.