Overview

The Town of Brookhaven occupies a substantial portion of central Long Island within Suffolk County, in the state of New York. Part of the New York metropolitan area, Brookhaven lies roughly 50 miles from Manhattan and contains a mix of suburban neighborhoods, small villages and open space. It is the second most populous town in the state, after the Town of Hempstead, and reported 486,040 residents at the 2010 census.

Geography and communities

Brookhaven is geographically extensive, including shoreline on both the Long Island Sound to the north and the Atlantic-facing bays to the south. The town encompasses many hamlets and incorporated villages, each with its own character—ranging from college-centered communities to quiet waterfront settlements. The landscape combines residential subdivisions, maritime harbors, woodlands and farmland.

History and development

Indigenous Algonquian-speaking peoples lived in the area before European settlement. Brookhaven developed during the colonial era in the mid-17th century and grew through centuries of agriculture, fishing and small-scale industry. In the 20th century the town suburbanized as New York City commuters moved to Long Island, and later diversified with higher education and research facilities.

Institutions and landmarks

Brookhaven is home to major institutions that shape its identity. A national research laboratory and a public research university both provide significant employment and scientific activity, while parks, beaches and marinas attract residents and visitors. Historic villages, local museums and conservation areas preserve elements of the town's maritime and colonial past.

Government, economy and transportation

The town government administers services for many separate school and fire districts while municipalities within the town maintain local traditions. The economy blends education, research, small business, tourism and services for a largely residential population. Transportation includes regional rail service and major Long Island highways that connect Brookhaven to other parts of Long Island and to New York City.

Notable facts

  • Brookhaven is the largest town in New York by total area when water surfaces are counted and one of the state's most populous towns.
  • Its communities range from university-centered centers to historic coastal villages and rural tracts.
  • Brookhaven plays a regional role through its research, higher education and recreational resources.