A stitching awl is a simple hand tool used to make or enlarge holes in tough materials such as leather and canvas. It is a basic implement in leathercraft, saddlery, shoemaking and outdoor repair because it lets a craftsperson penetrate dense material cleanly, guide thread or twine through a hole, and control the path of a hand-sewn stitch.

Basic characteristics

Most stitching awls have a thin, tapered metal shaft with a sharp point. There are two common shaft styles: a straight taper and a slightly bent or hooked point. Some awls have an eye (a small hole) near the point to carry thread through the newly made hole so that a lock stitch or other hand stitch can be formed. The handle is typically wood, plastic or metal and is shaped to be gripped firmly while pushing and twisting the shaft.

Types and parts

  • Fixed-point awl: a solid shaft for punching and enlarging holes.
  • Eye-point (sewing) awl: features an eye at the tip for drawing thread.
  • Button or stitching awl with cartridge: variations include small thread spools or replaceable blades in the handle.

How it is used

To stitch, a craftsman pushes the awl through the material to create a clean hole, then passes thread through the eye at the point or uses a separate needle. In lock-stitch hand sewing with an awl, the thread is carried through and interlocked, producing a strong seam suited to heavy-duty items such as belts, bags, tarps and boots. The awl also serves as a spacer to widen holes for rivets, lacing or to start holes for fasteners.

History and context

Awls are among the oldest hand tools: simple pointed tools for making holes appear in many traditional crafts. The stitching awl evolved as leather and canvas work required both a piercing implement and a way to pull heavy thread through thick material. Over time specialized forms developed for particular trades—glover's awls, shoemaker's awls, and saddler's awls—each adapted to the needs of that craft.

Practical notes and distinctions

When choosing an awl, consider shaft shape, the presence or absence of an eye, and handle comfort. For routine leather repairs and small canvas work, a sewing awl with an eye gives the greatest control over thread placement. For simply punching or widening holes, a fixed-point awl or a separate hole punch may be preferred. For resources on leatherworking and canvas techniques, see leatherworking guides and canvas and sail repair.