Grant's gazelle (Nanger granti)

Appearance and distinguishing features

Grant's gazelle is a medium- to large-sized antelope with a slender, athletic build adapted for speed. The coat is reddish-brown on the back with a white underbelly and a conspicuous white rump patch. Both sexes usually carry ringed, lyre-shaped horns; those of males are longer and more robust. Facial markings and a lateral flank stripe are common identifying features.

Diet, behaviour and reproduction

These gazelles are mixed feeders, taking both grasses and browse; their diet and local movements follow seasonal vegetation changes. They form loose social groups including female herds with young, bachelor groups and territorial males during the breeding season. Females commonly give birth to a single fawn after a gestation of about six months; newborns are often hidden for a short period and are able to stand and follow the mother within days.

Predators, ecological role and distribution

Predators include large African carnivores such as cheetahs, lions, spotted hyenas and African wild dogs; young animals are also vulnerable to smaller predators and crocodiles at watering sites. Grant's gazelles contribute to grassland ecology by grazing, browsing and aiding seed dispersal. They occur widely across East Africa, including populations in Kenya, Tanzania and adjacent regions.

Conservation and human interactions

Local population trends vary. Threats include habitat loss, fencing and competition with livestock, as well as illegal hunting in some areas. Conservation measures that benefit the species include protected areas, community-based management and measures to reduce habitat fragmentation. For regional information on habitat and management practices see resources on East Africa.