Flag of Panama

National flag of Panama: a white field with blue and red quarters and two five-pointed stars, symbolizing political balance and peace; adopted after independence and later codified in law.

Overview

The flag of Panama is the national emblem flown on public buildings, at official ceremonies and during national holidays. Its design combines white, blue and red in a pattern of four fields with two five-pointed stars. The arrangement and colors are widely understood to express themes of peace and political balance after Panama's separation from Colombia in the early 20th century.

Design and symbolism

The standard flag is divided into four equal rectangular quarters. The upper hoist quarter is white with a blue five-pointed star, the upper fly quarter is solid red, the lower hoist quarter is solid blue, and the lower fly quarter is white with a red five-pointed star. Common interpretations attribute white to peace, and the blue and red to the main political traditions of the time; the stars are often read as symbols of purity and authority.

Key characteristics

Colors: white, azure blue and red.
Elements: two five-pointed stars and four quadrants.
Variants: separate standards exist for government use and for the head of state.

History and development

The flag emerged in the period around Panama's independence and was used from the earliest years of the republic. Over time, official specifications for proportions, colors and ceremonial use have been formalized by law and regulation. These codifications clarified aspects such as the exact placement of stars and the protocols for display and retirement.

Uses, protocol and notable facts

The flag is displayed on national holidays, at government offices and on some civic occasions. Protocol rules cover when it is raised and lowered, proper respect during ceremonies, and the existence of special variants such as a presidential standard. For authoritative information on current specifications and ceremonial guidance consult the country's official resources or the official details.

Distinctions: The Panama flag's quartered, two-star design is distinctive in Central America and is sometimes noted for its explicit reference to political reconciliation and national unity.