Alburnoides bipunctatus is a small freshwater fish native to parts of Europe and western Asia. It belongs to the family Cyprinidae and is one of several closely related species often called by similar common names.
Common names
- spirlin
- schneider
- riffle minnow
It is sometimes confused with the true bleak (a different species, Alburnus alburnus), but the two are distinct.
Description
This fish is relatively small, commonly reaching lengths of around 6–10 cm. It has a slender, laterally compressed body with silvery flanks. During the breeding season males may develop darker or more intense coloration.
Habitat and distribution
Alburnoides bipunctatus inhabits freshwater environments such as rivers and streams. It prefers well-oxygenated waters with moderate to swift flow and substrates of gravel or stones, and can also occur in some lakes and slower-flowing reaches where suitable conditions exist. Its native range includes parts of central and eastern Europe and adjacent areas of western Asia.
Diet and behaviour
The species feeds mainly on small aquatic invertebrates and planktonic organisms. It is typically a schooling fish and is often found in shallow riffles and runs where food is abundant.
Reproduction and lifecycle
Spawning takes place in spring to early summer in shallow, well-oxygenated areas with coarse substrate. Eggs are deposited among gravel and pebbles, and larvae hatch and grow in nearby sheltered waters.
Conservation
Populations may be locally affected by habitat modification, water pollution and river regulation. Conservation status varies regionally; where assessments have been made the species is not generally considered to be at immediate global risk, but local declines and habitat loss can be concerns.