Geography

Countries of the United Kingdom Overview of the four constituent parts of the United Kingdom — England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland — and the legal, historical and practical reasons why their status is d…

Country (sovereign state): definition, recognition, and examples Country Overview of what constitutes a country, criteria for statehood, how recognition varies, examples and disputed entities, and distinctions between country, state, and dependent terri…

Country code: standardized country identifiers and calling codes Country code Overview of country codes: alphabetic, numeric, and telephone codes used to identify countries and territories in data, communications, internet domains and international organizat…

County (administrative division) County A county is a territorial and administrative unit used in many countries. This article explains its origins, typical roles, variations between nations, and how counties function to…

County Armagh County Armagh is a historic county in the province of Ulster, Northern Ireland, known for its ecclesiastical heritage, orchard landscape and towns such as Armagh, Lurgan and Portad…

County Cavan (Contae an Chabháin) — overview, geography and culture County Cavan County Cavan, in the province of Ulster in Ireland, is a rural county known for its lakes, drumlin landscape, agriculture and outdoor recreation. It borders Northern Ireland and si…

County Clare (Contae an Chláir), Ireland County Clare County Clare is a largely rural county on Ireland's west coast, known for the Burren, Cliffs of Moher, traditional music, Shannon Airport and a mix of karst landscape, farmland and…

County Donegal County Donegal is a large, scenic county in the province of Ulster in northwest Ireland, noted for its rugged coastline, Gaeltacht (Irish-speaking) areas, mountains and maritime he…

County Durham: geography, history, and civic identity County Durham County Durham is a historic and administrative area in north‑east England centred on the city of Durham, known for its medieval cathedral, former palatine bishops, industrial herit…

County Galway County Galway is a diverse county on Ireland’s west coast, known for Galway city, Connemara, the Aran Islands, extensive coastline, Irish-speaking areas, and a mix of rural economy…

County Kildare County Kildare, in the province of Leinster southwest of Dublin, is known for its flat agricultural plains, equine industry, historic sites linked to St Brigid, and growing commute…

County Laois — central county of Leinster, Ireland County Laois County Laois (Contae Laoise) is a landlocked county in central Ireland, named for the medieval kingdom of Loígis. Its county town is Portlaoise; attractions include the Slieve Bloo…

County Leitrim, Ireland County Leitrim County Leitrim is a sparsely populated county in the province of Connacht, known for lakes, the River Shannon, rural landscapes and a history tied to the medieval kingdom of Breifn…

County Longford (Ireland) County Longford County Longford is an inland county in the province of Leinster, Ireland. It is noted for its lakes, drumlin countryside, agricultural economy and historical sites such as the Corl…

County Louth — the Wee County on Ireland's east coast County Louth County Louth, Ireland's smallest county, sits on the east coast beside Northern Ireland. Known as the Wee County, it contains Dundalk and Drogheda and a mix of coastal scenery, his…

County Offaly, Ireland County Offaly County Offaly is a midlands county in the province of Leinster, known for bogland, Clonmacnoise monastery, Birr Castle, Tullamore Dew and peatland heritage. The county town is Tull…

County Roscommon (Ireland) County Roscommon County Roscommon is a largely rural county in the province of Connacht, Ireland, known for lakes, bogland, archaeological sites and small market towns. Population was 65,065 in the…

County Tipperary (Ireland) County Tipperary County Tipperary is a large inland county in Munster, Ireland, known for its agricultural landscape, historic sites like the Rock of Cashel, and its traditional association with Ga…

County-equivalent (United States administrative and statistical unit) County-equivalent A county-equivalent is a primary sub-state unit recognized by the U.S. federal government for administrative and statistical purposes, including parishes, independent cities, borou…

Courcelles-la-Forêt: a commune in Sarthe, Pays de la Loire Courcelles-la-Forêt Courcelles-la-Forêt is a small rural commune in the Sarthe department of the Pays de la Loire region in western France, known for its woodland setting, local heritage and village l…

Courcelles-lès-Lens — commune in the Pas-de-Calais mining region Courcelles-lès-Lens Courcelles-lès-Lens is a French commune near Lens, known for its coal-mining heritage, industrial landscape, and post‑mining redevelopment in the Pas‑de‑Calais area of northern Fra…

Courgains (Sarthe, Pays de la Loire) Courgains Courgains is a small commune in the Sarthe department of the Pays de la Loire region in western France, located at 48°17′N 0°17′E. Overview of location, administration, history and…

Courland (Kurzeme): historical region of Latvia Courland Courland (Latvian: Kurzeme) is the western historical region of Latvia along the Baltic coast, noted for the Curonian Spit, its medieval duchy, varied cultural influences and a lon…

Courpiac — commune in Gironde, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France Courpiac Courpiac is a small commune in the Gironde department of Nouvelle-Aquitaine, southwestern France, known for rural landscapes, agricultural activity and its place within the greater…

Courson-les-Carrières: a rural commune in Yonne, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté Courson-les-Carrières A concise encyclopedia entry on Courson-les-Carrières, a small rural commune in the Yonne department of central France, covering location, features, history, economy and local poin…

Courtelary District (Bernese Jura) Courtelary District A former district in the French-speaking Bernese Jura, Courtelary covers about 266 km² and contains 18 municipalities; its administrative functions are now part of the Jura bernois…

Courteranges Courteranges is a commune in the Aube department of the Grand Est region of France. This article summarizes its location, governance, landscape, history, economy and local life.

Covasna County (Kovászna) Covasna County County in Transylvania, Romania, centered on Sfântu Gheorghe; noted for a large Székely Hungarian community, forests and mineral springs, spa tourism, traditional culture and mount…

Cove (coastal inlet and valley) Cove A cove is a small, sheltered bay or a recessed valley between ridges, typically with a narrow entrance. Coves form by differential erosion and serve important roles in coastal shel…

COVID-19 pandemic in Zambia Overview of the arrival, early spread, government responses, and impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in Zambia beginning March 2020.

Coweta County, Georgia Coweta County in west‑central Georgia, seat Newnan. Named for a Creek people, it blends historic towns, suburban growth near Atlanta, industry, agriculture and film locations such…

Cowlitz River — Washington tributary of the Columbia River Cowlitz River The Cowlitz River in southwestern Washington drains parts of the Cascade Range and joins the Columbia River. It supports hydroelectric dams, salmon runs, recreation and communities…

Craighead County, Arkansas Craighead County is in northeastern Arkansas, founded in 1859, with dual county seats Jonesboro and Lake City. It is a regional hub for education, agriculture, health care and comm…

Crain (Yonne) — a small commune in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, France Crain, Yonne Crain is a small rural commune in the Yonne department of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, France. Typical of Burgundy villages, it has agricultural surroundings, local heritage buildings…

Crasna, Gorj County Crasna, Gorj Crasna is a rural commune in Gorj County, in the Oltenia region of southwestern Romania. This article summarizes its geography, administration, history, economy, culture and distin…

Crawford County, Arkansas: overview, geography, history, and economy Crawford County, Arkansas Crawford County is in western Arkansas along the Oklahoma border. This article summarizes its geography, communities, history, economy, and links to official and census resources.

Crawford County, Illinois: overview, history, and communities Crawford County, Illinois Crawford County is a rural county in southeastern Illinois with a small population, an agricultural economy, and the city of Robinson as its county seat.

Crawford County, Indiana Rural county in southern Indiana with a small population, known for the towns of English and Marengo, Marengo Cave, forested landscapes and outdoor recreation.

Crawford County, Iowa Crawford County is a largely rural county in western Iowa. This article summarizes its origins, government, communities, economy, and notable facts, including its county seat Denis…

Crawford County, Kansas Crawford County in southeast Kansas includes Pittsburg and Girard, spans Osage Cuestas and Cherokee Lowlands, and is known for its coal-mining past and Pittsburg State University.

Crawford County, Missouri County in east-central Missouri with a rural character, outdoor recreation, and the county seat at Steelville; noted for forests, rivers, small towns, and a history tied to 19th-ce…

Crawford County, Pennsylvania Crawford County is a largely rural county in northwestern Pennsylvania, established in the early 19th century. Its seat is Meadville; the county is known for oil‑industry history,…

Crawford County, Wisconsin Rural county in southwestern Wisconsin along the Mississippi River. County seat Prairie du Chien; 2010 population 16,644. Known for Driftless Area landscapes, outdoor recreation an…

Cressin-Rochefort: A rural commune in Ain, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Cressin-Rochefort Cressin-Rochefort is a small commune in the Ain department of eastern France. This article summarizes its location, governance, landscape, history, local life and points of interes…

Crêt de la Neige Crêt de la Neige is the highest peak in the Jura Mountains in eastern France, located in Ain near Thoiry and within the Haut-Jura Regional Natural Park.

Creuse (department of France) Creuse Creuse is a rural department in central France, part of Nouvelle-Aquitaine, named for the Creuse river. It is noted for low population density, pastoral landscapes, forests, and th…

Creuse (river) The Creuse is a river in central-western France. It rises in the Massif Central, flows through two regions and scenic gorges, and joins the Vienne as a right-bank tributary.

Crimea: geography, peoples, history and contemporary status Crimea Crimea is a strategic Black Sea peninsula with a diverse population and complex history; controlled by Russia since 2014 but widely recognized internationally as part of Ukraine.