Owyhee County, Idaho

Population and settlement

Owyhee County has a low population density. According to the 2010 census, the county had 11,526 residents. Communities are small and scattered: besides Murphy and Homedale, other notable places include historic mining towns and agricultural villages that serve surrounding ranchlands.

Geography and natural features

The county is characterized by high desert plateaus, volcanic formations and the deep, braided channels of the Owyhee River and its tributaries. Much of the land is public rangeland and wilderness-like terrain managed by federal agencies, which makes it a destination for remote recreation.

Economy and land use

Ranching and agriculture are central to the local economy, with cattle grazing and irrigated farming in valley bottoms. Mining left a visible legacy in several historic communities, and outdoor recreation — fishing, hiking, four-wheel driving and hunting — contributes to local services and seasonal visitation.

History and name

The county developed during the 19th century territorial era. Its name, "Owyhee," is an older spelling of "Hawaii" and commemorates Hawaiian (often called Owyhee in early accounts) trappers and laborers who were part of early Pacific Northwest fur-trading expeditions. Historic sites and ghost towns from the mining era are scattered across the county.

Notable facts and visitor information

• Seat: county seat Murphy.
• Largest city: Homedale.
• Area rank: second-largest county in Idaho by area, after Idaho County.
• Recreation: remote canyonlands, river access and historic mining towns draw visitors seeking solitude and history.

For maps, visiting guidance and local government services consult county resources and regional recreation planners before traveling into remote areas.