The 1960 United States Census, officially the Eighteenth United States Census, was a nationwide enumeration conducted by the Census Bureau. Census Day was April 1, 1960. The population was recorded as 179,323,175, a nationwide increase of approximately 18.5% from the 1950 Census. The results provided a snapshot of a nation in the midst of postwar demographic change.

Scope and content

The census counted every resident and collected basic information about households, housing units, age distribution, and other foundational demographic characteristics. These data were used for the decennial reapportionment of seats in the U.S. House of Representatives, for federal and state planning, and for research into economic and social trends. Aggregated results were published by region, state, and smaller geographic units to serve policymakers and scholars.

Administration and methods

Administration was carried out by enumerators and Census Bureau staff working to contact households across urban and rural areas. Questionnaires and field operations followed established federal procedures for data consistency. The bureau compiled and tabulated returns to produce population totals and summary statistics. The census operation exemplified large-scale government data collection and the logistical challenges of a nationwide count.

Results and significance

The 1960 totals reflected continued growth driven in part by the postwar baby boom and internal migration. Many regions experienced faster increases than others, contributing to shifts in political representation and infrastructure needs. Analysts and officials used the figures to guide transportation, education, and housing policy as the country adapted to changing demographics.

Notable facts

  • This enumeration is formally numbered the Eighteenth decennial census of the United States.
  • Population recorded: 179,323,175 residents.
  • Population growth from 1950 to 1960: about 18.5%.
  • Data remain a primary historical resource for mid-20th-century U.S. demography and policy analysis; many tables and reports can be accessed through the United States government archives and Census Bureau publications.

Researchers and members of the public consult 1960 census summaries for historical population studies, genealogical research, and to trace long-term socioeconomic trends. Original tables, microdata extracts, and analysis guides continue to be referenced for understanding the United States during a period of rapid growth and change.