Overview

Herisau is the principal town and seat of government for the Swiss canton of Appenzell Ausserrhoden. Located in eastern Switzerland, it functions as a regional administrative and service centre. The town had about 15,500 inhabitants in 2008 and serves a wider rural population in the surrounding hills and valleys.

Geography and transport

Herisau lies near the foothills of the Alpstein range and is within easy travelling distance of St. Gallen and other urban centres of northeastern Switzerland. It is linked by regional railway and road services to neighbouring towns, making it an accessible junction for commuters and local industry. Rail connections also provide links into the network of narrow‑gauge and standard lines common to the region.

History and development

The town has medieval origins and developed as a local market and craft centre. Over time it grew into the administrative heart of the outer half of the historic Appenzell region after the division between the two Appenzell districts. Like much of the region, Herisau experienced changes during industrialisation, with small factories and workshops shaping its 19th‑ and 20th‑century economy.

Economy, culture and services

Today Herisau combines cantonal administration with a mix of light industry, commerce and services. Cultural life includes local festivals, historic buildings and community institutions. The town provides schools, municipal services and cultural venues that serve both residents and visitors.

Government and significance

As the cantonal capital, Herisau houses key government offices for Appenzell Ausserrhoden and is the site for cantonal administration and many public records. The town plays a central role in regional planning, education and public services for the canton.

Notable features

  • Historic town centre with traditional architecture and public buildings.
  • Local museums and archives documenting regional history and crafts.
  • Good regional rail and road links to St. Gallen and surrounding communities.
  • Official information and services available via the municipal portal: Herisau municipal website.