Analytical Chemistry

Absorption spectroscopy: principles, instruments, and applications Absorption spectroscopy Overview of absorption spectroscopy: how matter absorbs light, the physical basis, instrument types, historical milestones, and common analytical and astronomical uses.

Beer–Lambert law: absorption of light by matter Beer-Lambert law The Beer–Lambert law describes how a material attenuates light as it travels through it. It links absorbance to concentration and path length and underpins spectrophotometry and ma…

Burette: Laboratory Glassware for Precise Liquid Dispensing Burette A burette (also spelled buret) is a graduated laboratory tube with a stopcock used to dispense and measure variable, precise volumes of liquid—commonly used in titrations and volum…

Chemical purification: methods, history, and practical applications Chemical purification Overview of chemical purification: goals, common laboratory and industrial methods, measures of purity, historical development, uses in pharmaceuticals and research, and distinctio…

Chemiluminescence: light produced by chemical reactions Chemiluminescence Chemiluminescence is light emission resulting from a chemical reaction. This article explains the mechanism, examples, measurement, applications and how it differs from fluorescenc…

ELISA: Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay — principles, types, and uses ELISA ELISA (enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay) is a laboratory method for detecting and quantifying proteins, antigens, or antibodies using enzyme-labeled antibodies and colorimetric, f…