Taban Deng Gai is a South Sudanese politician. He has been the second First Vice President of South Sudan since 23 July 2016. He was mining minister before being appointed as acting first vice president. He has served as governor of Unity State since 30 September 2005.
In the April 2010 elections the state electoral body stated that Taban Deng Gai won by 137,662 votes, beating runner-up Angelina Teny who won 63,561 votes.