Ma Ying-jeou (Chinese: 馬英九, born 13 July 1950 in Kowloon, then part of British Hong Kong) is a Taiwanese politician who served as President of the Republic of China from 20 May 2008 until 20 May 2016.

Early life and education

Ma was born in 1950 and raised in a family with roots in mainland China. He studied law in Taiwan and pursued further legal education in the United States. His academic background prepared him for a career that combined public service and legal work before he entered high-level politics.

Political career before the presidency

Before becoming president, Ma held several significant government posts. He served in the Ministry of Justice and later won election as Mayor of Taipei, a position that raised his national profile. Ma also became a leading figure in the Kuomintang (KMT), the party that historically governed the Republic of China.

Presidency (2008–2016)

Ma was elected president in 2008 and won a second term in 2012. His administration pursued policies aimed at reducing tensions and expanding economic links with mainland China. A major outcome of this approach was the 2010 Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement (ECFA), an accord intended to lower trade barriers and strengthen cross-strait commerce.

Domestically, Ma's government emphasized economic growth and stability; opinions on the effects of his policies are mixed, with supporters pointing to increased cross-strait cooperation and critics expressing concern about political and economic dependence.

Later life and public image

After leaving office in 2016, Ma has remained an active voice in public affairs and commentary on cross-strait relations. His tenure continues to be debated in Taiwan: observers note that he changed the tone of engagement with the mainland while attracting both praise and criticism for the direction of his policies.

  • Born: 13 July 1950, Kowloon (British Hong Kong)
  • Presidency: 20 May 2008 – 20 May 2016
  • Major initiative: Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement (2010)