Taoiseach (pronounced in English approximately /ˈtiːʃəx/; Irish: An Taoiseach, IPA [ən t̪ˠiːʃʲəx]) is the title for the head of government of Ireland. 
Appointment and term
The Taoiseach is nominated by Dáil Éireann (the lower house of the Oireachtas, Ireland's parliament) and formally appointed by the President of Ireland. There is no fixed term for the office: a Taoiseach remains in post while they retain the confidence of the Dáil and until a successor is appointed after a general election or following resignation. The Dáil can remove the Taoiseach by passing a motion of no confidence.
Functions and responsibilities
- Chairing and directing the government (Cabinet) and coordinating policy across departments.
- Advising the President on appointments, including ministers and other high officials.
- Leading government business in the Dáil and representing the executive branch in domestic and international affairs.
- Typically selecting ministers to form the government and overseeing the administration of government policy.
Political context
The Taoiseach is usually the leader of the largest party or coalition in the Dáil and acts as the principal political leader of the government. Because most Irish governments are coalitions, the Taoiseach often negotiates between parties to maintain parliamentary support. The deputy head of government holds the title Tánaiste.
Origin of the title
The word "Taoiseach" comes from the Irish language and historically means a leader or chieftain. Its use as the official designation for the head of government was established by the Constitution of Ireland when the modern state was founded.