STS-122 — Space Shuttle Atlantis delivers Columbus laboratory to the ISS

Objectives and payload

The prime objective was to deliver the Columbus laboratory, the European Space Agency’s pressurised research module, and to attach and make it ready for operations on the station. Columbus was carried in Atlantis’s payload bay and was transferred and berthed to the station using the shuttle’s Remote Manipulator System and the station’s robotic assets. Crew activities included transferring hardware and supplies, installing scientific racks and connecting power, data and fluid lines needed for the module to begin supporting experiments in microgravity.

Operations and spacewalks

Crew members conducted planned extravehicular activities (EVAs) and used robotic manipulators to complete mechanical installation and hook-ups. Tasks typically involved routing cables and umbilicals, activating external experiments and verifying environmental interfaces so that internal racks and systems could be powered and readied. The mission demonstrated the integrated use of the shuttle and station systems during assembly and outfitting operations.

Scientific and programmatic significance

Adding Columbus expanded the station’s research capabilities by providing a dedicated European laboratory for experiments in areas such as biology, fluid physics, materials science and technology demonstrations. The arrival of Columbus also reflected international partnership in the station programme and the role of shuttle missions in assembling and maintaining the orbital complex.

Legacy and resources

STS-122 is remembered for delivering one of the primary research modules that broadened international access to long-duration microgravity experimentation. For mission data, timelines and technical documents consult primary agency sources and archived mission summaries. See references to the International Space Station, the shuttle vehicle (Space Shuttle), mission flight materials (flight) and the launch/landing site (Kennedy Space Center, Florida).