Ross Island (Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Island), South Andaman

History and development

During the British colonial period Ross Island served as the administrative headquarters for the penal colony centred on Port Blair and developed a range of civic buildings, gardens and services. An earthquake in the early 1940s damaged many structures, and the island later saw occupation and military activity during World War II. After the war the island was largely abandoned and most buildings fell into ruin, leaving atmospheric remnants of the colonial era.

Characteristics and notable remains

Visitors encounter the remains of government houses, a church, a bakery, a water treatment station and a lighthouse, many overgrown with vegetation. Large banyan and peepal trees, along with introduced peacocks and other wildlife, now intermingle with brick and stone ruins, creating a distinctive, slightly romantic landscape.

Uses and visitors

Today Ross Island is a protected tourist site and a short boat ride from Port Blair. It attracts visitors interested in history, photography and short nature walks. Managed access and interpretation signage help visitors understand the island's past while preserving fragile structures and habitats.

Conservation and administration

The island is administered as part of the South Andaman district and conservation measures limit development to protect both cultural remains and native flora and fauna. A small number of caretakers and staff maintain the site, and guided visits are common to balance public access with preservation.

Notable facts

• Renamed in 2018 to honour Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose, the island retains its historic name in common use.
• Its proximity to Port Blair makes it one of the most accessible historic islands in the Andamans.
• Combines colonial architecture, wartime history and coastal ecology in a compact site.