Queen's Gambit
This article is about the chess opening. For the Netflix series, see The Queen's Gambit.
Template:Infobox Chess Opening/Maintenance/New
The Queen's Gambit is a frequently played chess opening from the Closed Games group and is classified under ECO codes D06 to D69.
The main train sequence is:
1. d2-d4 d7-d5
2. c2-c4
The basic idea of the queenside gambit from White's perspective is to exchange the White c-pawn for the slightly stronger Black d-pawn and, for example, with subsequent e2-e4 to gain a pawn majority in the centre, which is considered favourable. The c4-pawn is uncovered and can be captured. However, White can win the pawn back if he wishes. Thus, despite the name, it is not a true gambit (pawn sacrifice). The name Queen's Gambit refers to the queenside pawn (d-pawn), while the symmetrical variation after 1. e2-e4 e7-e5 2. f2-f4, the King's Gambit, is characterised by the move of the kingside pawn (e-pawn) and contains a genuine pawn sacrifice.
The following variations of the queen's gambit are popular:
- 2. ... e7-e6 (Rejected Queen's Gambit) After 3. c4xd5 e6xd5 Black can keep a pawn on d5 and thus prevent the subsequent e2-e4. The disadvantage of this move is that the c8-bishop is blocked by the e6-pawn.
- 2. ... c7-c6 (Slav Defense) Here too Black can retaliate with a pawn. The advantage is that the bishop c8 is not blocked, but the later counterattack c6-c5 now involves a loss of tempo compared with c7-c5 in the rejected Queen's Gambit.
- 2. ... d5xc4 (Assumed Queen's Gambit)
- 2. ... Sb8-c6 (Chigorin Defence)
Rarely played:
- 2. ... e7-e5 (Albin's countergambit)
- 2. ... c7-c5 (symmetrical variation)
- 2. ... Sg8-f6 (Marshall Defence)
- 2. ... Lc8-f5 (Keres Defence) Tries to circumvent the problems of the blocked bishop in the rejected Queen's Gambit by developing the bishop first. However, the b7 pawn is no longer defended. The opening is considered advantageous for White.
Variations of the queenside gambit often arise in tournament practice through move changes, for example when White starts with 1. d2-d4 and 2. Sg1-f3 and only later lets 3. c2-c4 follow. On the other hand Black can answer 1. d2-d4 with 1. ... Sg8-f6 and later let ... c7-c6 and ... d7-d5 or ... e7-e6 and ... d7-d5 follow.
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