National Anthem of the Republic of China
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San Min Chu-i (Chinese 三民主義 / 三民主义, pinyin Sānmín Zhǔyì) is the national anthem of the Republic of China, whose territory is now limited to Taiwan. The title translates to Three Principles of the People and refers to the national ideology of the Republic of China developed by Sun Yat-sen. The principles are State Socialism/People's Welfare (Chinese 民生主義 / 民生主义, Pinyin Mínshēng Zhǔyì), Democracy/People's Right (Chinese 民權主義 / 民权主义, Pinyin Mínquán Zhǔyì), and nationalism/peoplehood (Chinese 民族主義 / 民族主义, Pinyin Mínzú Zhǔyì). The song represents the visions and hopes of a new nation and its people. It is also the party song of the Kuomintang.
The anthem is banned in mainland China, and its public performance is strongly discouraged in Hong Kong, although it is not officially banned there. When President Chen Shui-bian took office in Taiwan in 2000, the well-known singer A-Mei Chang sang the anthem. This led to a ban on her performing in the People's Republic of China for several months.
Genesis
The text of San Min Chu-i was created through a collaboration of four Kuomintang members: Hu Hanmin (胡漢民), Dai Jitao (戴季陶), Liao Zhongkai (廖仲愷) and Shao Yuanchong (邵元沖).
The text was first presented on July 16, 1924, during Sun Yat-sen's opening speech at the Whampoa Military Academy.
After the success of the Northern Campaign, the KMT decided to use the lyrics as the party anthem and therefore publicly solicited suggestions for the musical accompaniment. The melody by Cheng Mao-yun (程懋筠) won the competition among 139 participants.
On March 24, 1930, several KMT party members proposed that San Min Chu-i be declared the official national anthem. However, there was strong opposition to having one party symbol represent the whole country. Therefore, the Committee for Research and Preparation of the National Anthem (國歌編製研究委員會 / 国歌编制研究委员会, Guógē Biānzhì Yánjiū Wěiyuánhuì) was established. However, this endorsed the proposal to use the Party Song as the national anthem. On June 3, 1937, the Central Bureau (中央常務委員會 / 中央常务委员会, Zhōngyáng Chángwù Wěiyuánhuì) endorsed the proposal, and in 1943 San Min Chu-i became the official national anthem of the Republic of China.
San Min Chu-i was voted the world's best national anthem at the 1936 Summer Olympics.
Text
| Chinese | Translation | |
| 三民主義，吾黨所宗， | Sānmín Zhǔyì, wú dǎng suǒ zōng, | The three people's principles, the goal of our party. |
National Anthem of the Republic of China (Taiwan)
