What is a molecular orbital?
Q: What is a molecular orbital?
A: A molecular orbital (or MO) is a mathematical function which describes the wave-like behaviour of an electron in a molecule. It explains what happens to electrons when atoms join together in a molecule and can tell the probability of finding an electron in any specific region.
Q: How do chemists build mathematical models of molecular orbitals?
A: Chemists usually build mathematical models of molecular orbitals by combining atomic orbitals. Hybrid orbitals from each atom of the molecule, or other molecular orbitals from groups of atoms can also be used. Computers can work on these functions.
Q: What does quantum mechanics have to do with studying molecules?
A: Molecular orbitals allow chemists to apply quantum mechanics to study molecules. They answer questions about how the atoms in molecules stick together, and provide insight into chemical and physical properties.
Q: What are orbital diagrams?
A: Orbital diagrams are visual representations that indicate where electrons would most likely be found in an atom based on its various rounded shapes.
Q: How do hybrid orbitals work?
A: Hybrid orbitals combine different types of atomic orbits into one new type that has unique characteristics compared to its component parts. These hybrids are often used when building mathematical models for molecular orbitals.
Q: How can computers help with studying MOs?
A: Computers can help with studying MOs by working on their functions and providing more accurate predictions or explanations for chemical and physical properties within molecules.
