What is genome editing?
Q: What is genome editing?
A: Genome editing is a type of genetic engineering in which DNA is inserted, replaced, or removed from a genome using artificially engineered nucleases, or "molecular scissors".
Q: How are engineered nucleases used in genome editing?
A: Engineered nucleases make specific double-strand breaks (DSBs) at desired places in the genome. The cell’s own mechanisms repair the induced break(s) by natural processes.
Q: What are some examples of indirect methods used to understand gene function?
A: Examples include silencing the gene of interest by short RNA interference (siRNA), and using engineered nucleases such as ZFN to modify DNA-binding and cut any targeted position in the genome.
Q: Why was genome editing chosen as Nature Methods' 2011 Method of the Year?
A: Genome editing was chosen by Nature Methods as the 2011 Method of the Year because it is already being used, but implanting modified embryos into a woman is not yet permitted.
Q: Are there different types of engineered nucleases that can be used for genome editing?
A: Yes, there are four families of engineered nucleases that can be used for genome editing.
Q: How does siRNA differ from other methods for understanding gene function?
A: SiRNA differs from other methods because it involves silencing genes rather than modifying them directly with an enzyme like ZFN.
Q: Is implanting modified embryos into a woman currently allowed?
A: No, implanting modified embryos into a woman is not currently allowed.
