What was the third of the four greatest Islamic caliphates?
Q: What was the third of the four greatest Islamic caliphates?
A: The third of the four greatest Islamic caliphates was the Abbasid Caliphate.
Q: Who founded the Abbasid Caliphate?
A: The Abbasid Caliphate was founded by a descendant of Muhammad's youngest uncle, Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib.
Q: When did it move its capital from Harran to Baghdad?
A: The Abbasid Caliphate moved its capital from Harran to Baghdad in AD 762.
Q: How long did it survive for?
A: The Abbasid Caliphate survived for two centuries, surviving the Zanj Rebellion (869-883).
Q: Who overthrew it in 1258?
A: In 1258, Hulagu Khan, the Mongol conqueror, overthrew and sacked Baghdad, ending Abbasid rule.
Q: Who claimed authority in religious matters after they were overthrown?
A: After being overthrown in 1258, the Abassids continued to claim authority in religious matters from their base in Egypt.
Q: What dynasty challenged Abassid claims to caliphate and when did it end?
A:The Shiˤa Ubayd Allah al-Mahdi Billah of the Fatimid dynasty challenged Abassid claims to caliphate and this dynasty finally ended in 1171.
