What was the Mongol Empire's first battle loss under Kublai Khan?
Q: What was the Mongol Empire's first battle loss under Kublai Khan?
A: The Mongol Empire's first battle loss under Kublai Khan was in Palestine when fighting the Mamluks of Egypt.
Q: Who led the Mamluks during this time?
A: The Mamluks were led by their new sultan Baibars.
Q: What happened to Constantinople and the Latin Empire during this decade?
A: During this decade, the Empire of Nicaea took control of Constantinople and also the Latin Empire so it again became the Byzantine Empire.
Q: What civil war occurred in England during this decade?
A: In England there was the Second Barons' War. This was a civil war between the aristocracy who did not like how King Henry III behaved as he wanted absolute monarchy.
Q: Who became an important prince in Europe during this decade?
A: King Otakar II of Bohemia became an important prince in Europe during this decade as he got more land by fighting wars and also when his family died some of their land became his.
Q: What cultural achievements were made in this decade?
A: Several important cultural achievements were made in this decade such as Roger Bacon publishing important scientific work named Opus Majus, Thomas Aquinas publishing Summa contra Gentiles, and important pieces of architecture and sculptures being made in cathedrals across Europe such as Chartres Cathedral and Nicola Pisano's pulpits for Duomo di Siena and Pisa's Baptistery.
Q: How did anti-Semitism become worse during this time period?
A: Anti-Semitism became worse because several authorities made laws which said that Jewish people must wear yellow badges so people knew who they were, resulting in many Jewish people being killed in England, as well as attacks on Talmud censorship from Catholic Church authorities.
