Utah

The title of this article is ambiguous. For other meanings, see Utah (disambiguation).

Utah (English pronunciation [ˈjuːtɑː]) is a state of the United States of America. The capital of Utah is Salt Lake City. The abbreviation is UT, and the state's byname is The Beehive State (English beehive 'beehive', 'bee state', 'hive'). The epithet is explained by the fact that the founding Mormons made the beehive, a symbol of industriousness, the symbol of the state or territory. Other state symbols include the seagull as the state bird, the cherry as the state fruit, the allosaurus as the state fossil, and the Colt M1911 as the state weapon. Utah was the first state to have a gun given this status.

The name Utah is derived from the Native American people of the Ute, who, along with some other peoples, still live in Utah today. According to the wish of the Mormons, the state should be called Deseret; however, this religiously based name, which comes from the Book of Mormon, was not accepted by the US government because of the separation of church and state.

Geography

Utah's neighboring states are Nevada, Idaho, Wyoming, Colorado, New Mexico and Arizona. The southeastern corner of the state, together with the territories of Colorado, New Mexico and Arizona, forms the only quadrangle in the United States, the point Four Corners, after which the adjacent region is also named.

Geographical breakdown

Utah is the boundary between two geographic provinces: the Colorado Plateau to the east and south, and the Basin and Range Province to the west of the state. The Wasatch Mountains form the boundary between these major regions. To the east and northeast, the Rocky Mountains just extend into Utah. To the northeast, the Uinta Mountains include Kings Peak (4123 m), the highest of Utah's mountains.

Utah's portion of the Colorado Plateau can be divided into several sections. To the north, below the Uinta Mountains, is the Uinta Basin. It is characterized by the headwaters of the Green River. To the south is the Canyon Lands section, where the Colorado River flows and the Green River joins it. West of this is the High Plateaus section with several strata of the Grand Staircase. To the southeast is an area known as Utah's Dixie, drained by the Virgin River. The Mormon pioneers coined the name because they were able to grow cotton in this climatically mild region of Utah.

The Basin and Range portion of Utah consists of the completely flat Great Salt Desert and a multitude of small and smallest horsts and the rifts that occur between them. The two easternmost valleys of the region, the Salt Lake Valley and the Utah Valley, together form the Wasatch Front below the Wasatch Mountains. They are the only parts of the state that are densely populated and are home to about 80% of all Utah residents.

Extension of the national territory

The area of 219,887 km² stretches 435 kilometres from east to west between 109° W and 114° W, and 565 kilometres from south to north between 37° N and 42° N. 3.25 percent of the state's area consists of water, the largest share being the GreatSalt Lake.

Climate

Utah has an extreme steppe climate, with relatively hot summers around 30°C and cold, snowy winters often below 0°C. The annual precipitation ranges from 200mm to 1mm and is relatively evenly distributed throughout the year. Annual precipitation ranges from 200 to 700 mm and is relatively evenly distributed throughout the year. The region around Salt Lake City (1350 m) is a popular winter sports area; the 2002 Winter Olympics were held here.

Monthly average temperatures for Salt Lake City

	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Max. Temperature (°C)	3	7	11	16	22	29	34	32	27	19	10	4	Ø	17,9
Min. temperature (°C)	−7	−4	−1	3	7	12	17	15	10	4	−2	−6	Ø

Sunshine hours (h/d)	4	6	7	9	11	12	12	11	10	9	6	4	Ø	8,4

Rainy days (d)	6	6	7	8	7	4	3	4	4	5	5	6		65

Temperature

−7

−4

−1

−2

−6

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Precipitation

Jan

Feb

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Apr

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Nov

Dec

Source: missing

Population

Population development
Census	Inhabitants	± in %
1850	11.380	- —
1860	40.273	253,9 %
1870	86.336	114,4 %
1880	143.963	66,7 %
1890	210.779	46,4 %
1900	276.749	31,3 %
1910	373.351	34,9 %
1920	449.396	20,4 %
1930	507.847	13 %
1940	550.310	8,4 %
1950	688.862	25,2 %
1960	890.627	29,3 %
1970	1.059.273	18,9 %
1980	1.461.037	37,9 %
1990	1.722.850	17,9 %
2000	2.233.169	29,6 %
2010	2.763.885	23,8 %
Estimate 2017	3.101.833	12,2 %
Before 1900 1900–1990 2000

Utah has a population of 3.101 million (2017 U.S. Census Bureau projection), of which 89.1% are white, 0.9% are black and African American, 1.9% are Asian, 1.1% are Native American, 0.7% are Native Hawaiian, and 4.5% are of other ancestry. 1.8% reported being of two or more races. Among the total population, 11.2% are members of the Hispanic community.

Utah has the highest fertility rate of any state in the U.S. (2.29 children per woman in 2015). Utah's population lives longer than the U.S. average and has a lower percentage of overweight individuals.

Over 80% of Utah's population lives in the Wasatch Front metropolitan area below the western flank of the Wasatch Range. The settlement strip extends from Ogden in the north to Provo in the south and onto the Salt Lake Valley and Utah Valley. The rest of the state is extremely sparsely populated.

Age and gender structure

Utah's age structure is made up as follows:

up to 18 years: 792,172 (31.1 %)
18-64 years: 1,533,931 (60.1 %)
65 years and older: 223,960 (8.8 %)

The median age is 28.4 years. 50.3% of the population is male and 49.7% is female.

Ethnic population composition

In 2014, 24.9% of residents were of English descent, making them the largest group. This is followed by the groups of German (11.3%), American (6.0%), Irish (5.7%) and Danish (5.0%) descent.

Religions

In 2012, about 62% of the population were Mormons; however, since religious affiliation is not recorded in U.S. censuses, accurate data on this is not available. Utah is thus one of only five US states in which a single religious group is the absolute majority. The others are the majority Catholic states of Massachusetts, Rhode Island and New Mexico, as well as Mississippi, where Baptists make up the majority of the population.

Population development

The Hispanic community has more than tripled in Utah since the 1990s, from about 85,000 (1990) to 201,000 (2000) to 286,113 in 2006, already representing 11.2% of the population.